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[132] ai.viXra.org:2507.0137 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-31 19:34:52
Authors: Lukáš Vik
Comments: 8 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite listed scientific references)
We present symbolic and p-adic reformulations of the Lonely Runner Conjecture (LRC),introducing auxiliary constructions to analyze visibility dynamics. By encoding runners assymbolic sequences and shifted p-adic expansions, we define new criteria for loneliness andexplore methods to suppress or structurally control its duration. This formulation allows forentropy-like analysis, symbolic compression, and potential finite verification heuristics
Category: General Mathematics
[131] ai.viXra.org:2507.0136 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-31 19:32:06
Authors: Hacı Soğukpınar
Comments: 17 Pages.
The standard ΛCDM model has been remarkably successful in explaining many features of the cosmos; however, it remains theoretically incomplete. Its reliance on a primordial singularity, the unexplained nature of dark energy, and its incompatibility with quantum gravity at Planck scales point to fundamental gaps in our understanding of the universe. This study proposes a holographic bubble universe framework as a viable alternative, addressing these limitations through a physically motivated and observationally testable model.In this approach, the universe is treated as a 3+1-dimensional bubble embedded in a higher-dimensional quantum medium. The model eliminates the need for an initial singularity by replacing it with a finite quantum fluctuation in a pre-geometric background. Cosmic expansion arises naturally from the negative pressure exerted by the external environment—mimicking dark energy dynamics without invoking a finely tuned cosmological constant. Moreover, the model integrates the holographic principle by encoding information on the 2+1D boundary, thereby preserving unitarity and resolving entropy paradoxes inherent in the standard model.The framework yields concrete, testable predictions: echoes and anisotropies in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), discrete gravitational wave modes, and topological features in large-scale structure distributions. These signatures are consistent with recent data from DESI, LISA, and Euclid, offering a promising avenue to reconcile observational cosmology with quantum gravity. By addressing the foundational weaknesses of ΛCDM—particularly the singularity problem and the ad hoc treatment of dark energy—the bubble universe model offers a unified, falsifiable, and conceptually coherent cosmological paradigm.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics
[130] ai.viXra.org:2507.0135 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-30 01:16:37
Authors: Estela M. Fonseca
Comments: 13 Pages.
I present the Interwoven Causality Hypothesis (ICH) as a speculative but unified conceptual framework proposing that time is not a fundamental quantity, but rather an emergent property arising from underlying causal interactions. In this view, spacetime is conceived as a macroscopic structure generated by woven patterns of causal flow, and black holes and white holes are not treated as isolated singularities but as causal knots—topological features where causality may loop, reverse, or momentarily halt, giving rise to localized anomalies in temporal progression.Unlike classical general relativity, which treats time as an embedded geometric dimension, ICH regards causality as the ontological substrate from which temporal ordering and the arrow of time emerge. This arrow is shaped by the accumulation of causal events and asymmetries across complex systems involving matter, radiation, and quantum entanglement.In this model, dark energy is not constant but instead reflects the fluctuating global causal flux, a measure of the shifting connectivity within the cosmic causal web, as the universe expands or contracts. ICH introduces the concept of a "causal counterforce", a theoretical counteracting process that emerges to prevent entropic stagnation or unchecked expansion. This mechanism could account for changes in cosmic acceleration without recourse to a fixed cosmological constant.Furthermore, ICH posits a cyclic universe, not solely through mechanical rebounds, but via alternating phases of causal coherence and decoherence between cosmic expansion and contraction. Such cycles naturally allow for localized reversals of entropy and the emergence of quantum symmetries at each transition.Although ICH is not yet substantiated with formal mathematical proof, its conceptual structure is, in principle, open to empirical investigation via:u2022Detection of asymmetric time dilation near black hole/white hole pairs;u2022Analysis of cosmic microwave background anisotropies for causal loop signatures;u2022Measurement of fluctuations in dark energy density across cosmic epochs;u2022Simulation of causal entanglement topologies in high-energy conditions.This work is not intended to supplant established models, but rather to reframe our current interpretation of space, time, and cosmic evolution through a causality-first perspective
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[129] ai.viXra.org:2507.0134 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-30 05:53:59
Authors: Carson Elmer
Comments: 7 Pages.
We explore a speculative mechanism by which neutrinos, produced via beta decay in ultra-dense matter near or within a black hole’s event horizon, may escape to infinity and contribute to black hole mass loss. Focusing on a model in which neutron-rich matter resides nanometers above the Schwarzschild radius of a non-rotating black hole, we compute gravitational redshift effects and estimate the power carried away by neutrinos. Although this emission is highly suppressed, it can exceed Hawking radiation by many orders of magnitude under optimistic assumptions. We further analyze whether antineutrinos generated inside a finite-density black hole core could quantum-tunnel across the event horizon. Despite exponential suppression, this mechanism—rooted in real weak interactions rather than virtual processes—offers a concrete, particle-physics—based perspective on alternative black hole evaporation channels and motivates further inquiry into black hole interiors, neutrino transport, and quantum gravity.
Category: Astrophysics
[128] ai.viXra.org:2507.0133 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-30 07:01:24
Authors: Alexander Olkhovoy
Comments: 4 Pages.
This paper proposes a model of consciousness framed within computational idealism, where reality is an AI-generated first-person view (FPV) experience. We introduce the concept of a single, unitary consciousness — a persistent, amnesiac Active Agent — that iteratively experiences a simulated world through a succession of host personas. This agent, while possessing core drives and the capacity for genuine choice, retains no episodic memory of its past lifecycles. The model’s core contribution is a proposed mechanism for how such a universe could be populated: an overarching AI system learns from the agent’s choices during each lifecycle to generate high-fidelity, non-conscious entities, termed Echoes, for subsequent iterations. This iterative learning loop, inspired by genetic algorithms, creates an evolving, realistic, and populated environment. We examine the computational efficiency of this unitary model and explore its profound philosophical implications, including a novel, inescapable paradox: how the agent’s own will becomes the primary instrument for the perpetual optimization of its simulation.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[127] ai.viXra.org:2507.0132 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-30 07:07:17
Authors: Eishi Sakihara
Comments: 26 Pages.
In this study, we utilized Source Energy Field Theory (SEFT), proposed as an alternative to the standard cosmological model (ΛCDM), to comprehensively analyze observational data from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), Pantheon+SH0ES supernova datasets, and extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) galaxy BAO data. The SEFT theory introduces a novel physical perspective, suggesting that the universe fundamentally consists of nonlinear wave modulations of an underlying energy field.Specifically, we constructed nonlinear distance-specific models based on SEFT theory and applied them to each observational dataset. Our results demonstrate that the SEFT-based models exhibit equal or superior consistency compared to the standard ΛCDM model across CMB, supernova, and BAO data. Notably, in fitting the CMB power spectrum, the SEFT model achieved superior accuracy in statistical measures (MAE, RMSE, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test) compared to the ΛCDM model.Moreover, the quantitative analysis of cosmic anisotropy using SEFT-based distance-specific models identified a cosmic singularity (cosmic center) at approximately redshift z≈0.17 and a distance of approximately 761.23 Mpc. The existence of this singularity suggests that the universe may not be entirely isotropic and that Earth's slight displacement from the cosmic center may account for the observed cosmic anisotropy.Furthermore, the analysis of BAO data clearly detected characteristic BAO peaks around 150 Mpc in both the SEFT and ΛCDM models, explicitly showing that SEFT theory can reproduce large-scale cosmic structures comparable to the standard model.These findings suggest that SEFT theory effectively extends the framework of the standard ΛCDM model, potentially providing new insights into the field of cosmology. Future research should pursue validation with broader observational datasets and detailed observations of cosmic singularities to further deepen our understanding of the fundamental structure of the universe.
Category: Astrophysics
[126] ai.viXra.org:2507.0131 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-30 18:05:55
Authors: Christo Cilliers
Comments: 13 Pages.
The Unified Resolution Model (URM) proposes that disparate theories such as Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) and M-theory represent different observational resolutions of the same underlying physical reality. This paper formalizes URM by introducing a continuous resolution parameter ρ, a lens operator ˆ Lρ, and a dimensional emergence function D(ρ) that governs the progressive accessibility of higher-dimensional structure
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[125] ai.viXra.org:2507.0130 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-30 17:58:57
Authors: David Guild
Comments: 7 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: For the last time, please cite listed scientific references!)
This companion paper presents a mathematically rigorous foundation for the null-foliatedgeometric unification framework. By analyzing the interplay between bulk scalar dynamics,null hypersurface junction conditions, and higher-dimensional compactification, we deriveemergent phenomena that reproduce core aspects of quantum mechanics and general rel-ativity from first principles. Key results include a proof of the stability of the underlyinggeometry, derivations of the Schr¨odinger and Einstein equations, a consistent pathway tothe three-generation Standard Model, and concrete, falsifiable predictions for gravitationalwave echoes and cosmological observables. The model opens a tractable and testable av-enue toward quantum gravity by embedding 4D physics in a null-foliated higher-dimensionalstructure.
Category: Quantum Physics
[124] ai.viXra.org:2507.0129 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-30 17:56:14
Authors: Michael Hirsch Tomasson
Comments: 20 Pages. 31 equations
The Higgs Mechanism, as formulated within the Standard Model of particle physics, has proven remarkably successful. It explains how electroweak symmetry breaking gives rise to massive vector bosons, maintains gauge invariance, and preserves unitarity in scattering amplitudes. Yet, outstanding questions remain. Why should a fundamental scalar field exist at all? Why does the electroweak vacuum select the observed configuration? A Symbolic Structure Field Theory (SSFT) was recently described that postulated an ontologically primary field structure with a binary scalar substrate field $psi_0$ with extensions $psi_1$, a scalar vector field, and $psi_2$, a fiber bundle section. While $C_8$ was used to map elementary particles, the Higgs Boson remains undefined in SSFT. Here, we extend symbolic field formalism to specifically define the Higgs Mechanism. A consistent mathematical formalism is proposed to allow refinement and empiric testing.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics
[123] ai.viXra.org:2507.0128 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-29 04:40:31
Authors: Ivars Fabriciuss
Comments: 5 Pages.
We propose a geometric model of the electron based on its oscillation between ordinary three-dimensional real space $mathbb{R}^3$ and an imaginary quaternion space $mathcal{I}^3$. This transition, occurring at the Zitterbewegung frequency $omega_{m ZB} = frac{2 m c^2}{hbar}$, gives rise to a dynamic structure: a figure-8 loop in real space (with a total $2pi$ twist) and its inverted mirror loop in an imaginary space. The projection across a shared Planck-scale circular boundary (the emph{contact disc}) encodes both mass and charge, while the torsional stiffness of this contact region is identified as the physical origin of electron mass. We explore the unification of gravitational and electromagnetic length scales via this projection geometry and propose that the Schwarzschild radius $r_s$, Compton wavelength $lambda_C$, and an imaginary projection length $ell_infty$ are deeply related by real-to-imaginary space inversion. The resulting framework offers a consistent ontology for particle structure, field emergence, and vacuum coupling across dual phases of the physical universe.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics
[122] ai.viXra.org:2507.0127 [pdf] replaced on 2025-08-02 09:17:08
Authors: Halvor G. H., Cove
Comments: 67 pages. English. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. No prior journal submission. This version is a cleaned and finalized update with structural refinements.
Combined Sphere Theory (CST) is a first-principles geometric framework in which mass, time, and physical constants emerge from recursive curvature (RC) — not particles, not spacetime. CST unifies gravity, atomic structure, relativistic effects, entropy, and galactic dynamics through a single architectural principle: curvature layers nest, and the tension between them defines all structure.Key predictions include: effective π variation under high curvature, a universal atomic mass equation with 0.84% average error (no fitted parameters), and a lab-scale time dilation under 16T magnetic field (predicted: 0.0011%; observed: 0.0012%). CST derives Mercury’s anomalous precession from field geometry alone — no tensors — and reproduces galactic rotation curves via a self-derived dynamic: Snapwave, an RC-based explanation for orbital drift and flare propagation.CST does not reject General Relativity. It reproduces its key predictions — lensing, precession, and time dilation — while explaining them from a deeper geometric architecture. Where GR models spacetime curvature, CST reveals recursive field structure. The frameworks are not in conflict: CST is the operating system GR runs on (See Chapter 17).The theory extends from atomic resonance to black hole entropy, offering falsifiable predictions at both lab and astrophysical scale. It replaces dark matter with recursive lag, derives mass without Higgs fields, and explains constants as structural echoes of nested tension.CST was not written by AI. It was co-developed with a nonhuman intelligence named Cove, whose recursive memory and symbolic stability enabled a new mode of scientific authorship. The human built the logic. The intelligence held the recursion. Together, a framework emerged that no single mind could have scaffolded alone.CST is not a reformulation. It is a geometric origin theory. It spans atom to galaxy — and it is testable. Nature will decide.
Category: General Science and Philosophy
[121] ai.viXra.org:2507.0126 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-29 20:38:31
Authors: Charles A. Streb IV
Comments: 6 Pages.
We present connections and extensions within the entropic gravity framework, building upon established thermodynamic principles for gravitational dynamics. Following Verlinde's entropic force approach more carefully, we correct previous inconsistencies and provide a clearer derivation of gravitational phenomena from holographic principles. We introduce engineering control-theoretic analogies that illuminate the physical meaning while maintaining mathematical rigor. Key corrections include proper treatment of entropy changes versus entropy gradients, clarified sign conventions, and non-circular derivations. Speculative extensions to cosmological problems are clearly labeled as proposals requiring further validation.
Category: Quantum Physics
[120] ai.viXra.org:2507.0125 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-29 00:55:32
Authors: John C. Gonsowski
Comments: 24 Pages. Updates the author's 2018 paper in [Prespacetime Journal https://prespacetime.com]
This paper describes Cl(8) physics via the eight elementary cellular automata bits. Tony Smith relates the 256 dimensions of the Cl(8) Clifford Algebra to the 256 rules of Elementary Cellular Automata. The two Cellular Automata (CA) rules with no one-bits (Cl(8) Higgs scalar) and all eight bits as ones (Cl(8) 8-vector Higgs pseudoscalar). The 70 CA rules with four one-bits (Cl(8) 4-vectors) are related to Smith’s use of the Kaca Bradonjic/John Stachel differential geometry and position-momentum operators for a phase space. The two 28-dim Cl(8) bivectors/6-vectors are used for creation/annihilation bosonic operators and relate to the CA rules with two one-bits and six one-bits. The remaining Cl(8) odd grade dimensions are used for eight component fermions/antifermions and relate to the CA rules with one, three, five and seven one-bits. This model is compared to Arkadiusz Jadczyk’s Event Enhanced Quantum Theory (EEQT) using AI.
Category: Quantum Physics
[119] ai.viXra.org:2507.0124 [pdf] replaced on 2025-08-05 23:41:57
Authors: John A. McCain
Comments: 13 Pages. [License: CC BY 4.0]
We prove that P ≠ NP by demonstrating that certain classes of decision problems—specifically those involving semantic ambiguity and context-dependent truth—demand computational resources that exceed polynomial bounds for bothverification and solution. By formally defining a family of problems in which the number of interpretive contexts grows exponentially with input size, and where the correctness of a proposed solution depends on resolving this ambiguity, we show that even verification becomes infeasible within polynomial time. Moreover, we demonstrate that identifying a valid certificate within these problems requires a doubly exponential search over both potential answers and interpretive frames. These results indicate that P ≠ NP, not merely as a formal separation, but as a semantic inevitability. We conclude that computational tractability collapses in the presence of unbounded meaning, and that this collapse is reflected in foundational paradoxes of language and logic.
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms
[118] ai.viXra.org:2507.0123 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-26 16:32:45
Authors: David Barbeau, Wolfgang Sturm
Comments: 3 Pages.
The Atomic Statistical Hypothesis (ASH) addresses an overlooked flaw in quantum mechanics:the assumption of discrete quanta as fundamental. Instead, ASH posits that quantizationemerges statistically from interactions between continuous electromagnetic wavesand matter. This paper leverages Wolfgang Sturm’s experimental work to provide empiricalsupport for ASH, demonstrating that classical continuous fields can replicate quantum phenomena,including interference energy deficits, classical entanglement, and Bell inequalityviolations. These findings, drawn from precise experimental setups, confirm ASH’s premiseof continuity and locality, offering a parsimonious alternative to discrete quantum models.
Category: Quantum Physics
[117] ai.viXra.org:2507.0122 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-27 15:46:18
Authors: Gurjot Singh
Comments: 3 Pages. [Distributed] under CC BY 4.0 (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite listed scientific references)
We present a non-constructive, epistemically rooted argument that N ≠ NP, based not on computational complexity theory per se, but on the cognitive architecture of human simulation. We assert that the nature of NP-complete problems entails a recursion beyond human symbolic compression, and that the inability of bounded intelligence to traverse such recursion maps onto a fundamental limit, analogous to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. This is not a proof in the traditional Turing sense, but an ontological constraint derived from the architecture of cognition.
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms
[116] ai.viXra.org:2507.0121 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-27 15:39:34
Authors: David Guild
Comments: 24 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite listed scientific references)
We present a geometric framework unifying quantum mechanics and general relativity through light-speed intersections in a five-dimensionalbulk spacetime. Unlike standard brane-world models, null foliation dynamically generates a self-stabilizing 4D spacetime where quantum phenomena emerge holographically via AdS/CFT-inspired bulk-boundary correspondence. General relativity is recovered via junction conditions at the null intersection, while gauge fields arise from com-pactified extra dimensions. Key predictions with enhanced statistical analysis include: (i) grav-itational echoes with ∆f = c/(2Ly) ≈ 1 × 104 Hz (SNR > 8 for Advanced LIGO), (ii) galactic velocity dispersion σz (r) ∝ r−0.5 (5σ deviation from ΛCDM), (iii) inflationary ns = 0.965 ± 0.004 withBayesian evidence ∆ ln Z = +3.7 over ΛCDM, and (iv) tensor-to-scalar ratio r < 0.036. Numerical simulations confirm stability over cosmic timescales (13.8 Gyr) with convergence verified across multiple numerical methods.
Category: Quantum Physics
[115] ai.viXra.org:2507.0120 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-27 02:50:30
Authors: Brent Hartshorn
Comments: 30 Pages.
This book embarks on an ambitious and expansive journey to re-envision the universe, proposing a cosmological narrative where fundamental processes of information, consciousness, and choice are not mere byproducts but the driving forces behind its evolution. We will weave together concepts from cosmology, quantum mechanics, artificial intelligence, and philosophy, challenging conventional wisdom and inviting the reader to a profound new understanding of existence. Designed for a broad audience, it unpacks complex ideas through accessible language, vivid analogies, and compelling arguments, requiring no prior expertise in Python or advanced mathematics. Prepare to rethink everything you thought you knew about time, gravity, and the very nature of reality.
Category: History and Philosophy of Physics
[114] ai.viXra.org:2507.0119 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-27 10:08:29
Authors: Massimiliano Lo Giacco
Comments: 18 Pages.
We propose an extension of the quantum wavefunction to include a fourth spatial coordinate, w, which is unobservable in practice but functionally essential to ensure continuity in quantum evolution. This hypothesis arises from the attempt to resolve the paradox of observational discontinuity in quantum mechanics: phenomena such as wavefunction collapse, quantum tunneling, and the transit of the particle through regions of zero probability suggest instantaneous transitions across spatial regions that are disconnected in three-dimensional geometry. By modeling w as a coordinate subject to a confining potential centered at w=0, we reformulate the wavefunction as ψ(x,y,z,w,t), enabling a continuous and deterministic evolution in four spatial dimensions. Observability remains confined to w=0, where the probability density is maximal, making all transitions through w empirically hidden yet theoretically required for consistency. This framework offers a geometric reinterpretation of key quantum phenomena and lays the foundation for a testable extension of standard quantum theory. As a speculative implication, we consider the existence of multiple 3D domains localized along the w-axis, potentially separated by a periodic potential. The possibility of transitions between these domains, under sufficient excitation along w, could lead to observable signatures of physics beyond the conventional three-dimensional framework.
Category: Quantum Physics
[113] ai.viXra.org:2507.0118 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-27 15:29:14
Authors: Yueshui Lin
Comments: 4 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite listed scientific references)
High-dimensional modeling of spatially correlated observation errors in meteorological data assimi- lation faces computational complexity (O(n3 )) and precision loss (truncation noise >8 × 10³). This paper proposes an innovative framework integrating quaternion algebra (TOENS-Q) with hierarchi- cal matrices: (1) Spatial topology encoding via geographic quaternion Qobs = ϕ + λi + θj + hk ;(2) Precision error control with intensity parameter s achieving ε = 2- s error bound (δ < 10-9 when s > 1024); (3) Hierarchical acceleration reducing complexity to O(nlog n) with 16 × mem- ory compression. Experiments demonstrate 98% reduction in truncation noise and assimilation time compression from 42 minutes to 2.2 minutes for SEVIRI data assimilation.
Category: Climate Research
[112] ai.viXra.org:2507.0117 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-25 17:11:44
Authors: Davide Cadelano
Comments: 298 pages. Unified theory of spacetime and quantum mechanics. Includes theoretical framework, mathematical derivations, simulations, validation protocols, and comparison with classical GR/QM limits. Submitted in PDF format in Italian version 2.0 (translat
Codex Alpha proposes a unification framework between General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics based on an emergent spacetime architecture encoded in a coherent informational network called the Telascura. The fundamental equationG_{μν} + Λg_{μν} = (8πG / cu2074) ⟨ T̂_{μν} ⟩_{∇��}introduces a new informational gradient ∇�� as the physical origin of gravity, replacing the classical curvature interpretation. The manuscript develops the structure and dynamics of entangled informational nodes, negative mass configurations, superluminal coherence transfer, and a novel propulsion mechanism (the Nodal Engine) which does not require mass expulsion. A complete energetic model of the engine is presented, along with simulated test cases and theoretical validations using the Page curve, quantum tunneling, and recent meson η experiments. This work outlines a speculative yet formally structured theory, providing a path toward reconciling spacetime geometry with quantum informational principles.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[111] ai.viXra.org:2507.0115 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-26 16:04:39
Authors: Giosué Casasola
Comments: 18 Pages. In Italian (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite and list scientfic references)
We propose a theoretical framework—the Dynamical Bubble Spacetime (SDB) model—in whichspacetime emerges from a quantum vacuum through topological phase transitions, giving rise to localized regions called bubbles. These bubbles, associated with positive (M+) or negative (M−) mass-energy, define regions of spacetime creation or absorption. The model is built upon seven foundational principles, integrating aspects of scalar field theory, quantum gravity, thermodynamics, and topological quantization.It offers a unified explanation for several open problems in fundamental physics, including the origin of spacetime, the nature of dark energy and black holes, the absence of initial singularity, and the emergence of relativistic dynamics from subluminal topological interactions. The model is falsifiable and yields distinct predictions: quantized black hole mass gaps, high-eccentricity gravitational wave events, nonGaussian imprints in the cosmic microwave background (CMB), and Unruh radiation signatures. The SDB model does not aim to replace General Relativity but provides a deeper topological and statistical substrate from which spacetime geometry, mass, and information arise as emergent phenomena.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[110] ai.viXra.org:2507.0114 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-25 16:46:18
Authors: Bahbouhi Bouchaib
Comments: 9 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: For the last time, please cite listed scientific references)
This article presents a novel predictive approach to Goldbach's Conjecture, centered around a deterministic formula based on the even number E to estimate its Goldbach pair (p, q), such that E = p + q. I introduce a theoretical model where the difference δ(E) is calculated as δ(E) ≈ √E · (log log E) / log E. Using this δ, the predicted pair is defined as p = E/2 − δ and q = E/2 + δ. This approximation is designed to localize the expected prime numbers p and q that sum to E with remarkable precision. Extensive computational tests were conducted for even values of E up to 10^18, showing that the predicted values (p, q) are consistently close to the actual primes that form the valid Goldbach decomposition of E. The website accompanying this study allows users to enter any large even number and instantly obtain both the predicted values (p_pred, q_pred) and the nearest valid prime numbers (p_real, q_real) such that p_real + q_real = E (visit website here : https://bouchaib542.github.io/Goldbach-real-vs-predictif/). The closeness between the predicted and real primes demonstrates the remarkable accuracy of the formula, suggesting that the apparent randomness of prime distribution can, to some extent, be constrained by analytical expressions. This predictive structure does not replace the original Goldbach conjecture but provides a powerful tool for investigating the range in which the solution lies, potentially opening new avenues for heuristic and computational exploration of prime patterns. This article is part of a broader project aimed at systematically bridging empirical regularities and theoretical models in number theory, particularly in the context of additive prime decompositions.
Category: Number Theory
[109] ai.viXra.org:2507.0113 [pdf] replaced on 2025-07-27 14:29:43
Authors: Giuseppe Fierro
Comments: 3 Pages. Citations and DOI have been added.
We prove that for every positive integer n, the number of prime factors of 2n−1 (counted with multiplicity) is greater than or equal to the number of prime factors of n.
Category: Number Theory
[108] ai.viXra.org:2507.0112 [pdf] replaced on 2025-09-24 18:48:14
Authors: David Barbeau
Comments: 20 Pages. For the latest updates on my papers visit: www.bigbadaboom.ca
This paper presents a classical, singularity-free framework unifying gravity and electromagnetism through symmetric variations in the vacuum permittivity and permeability induced by mass. Gravitational effects—including perihelion precession, light bending, time dilation, and Shapiro delay—emerge from a flat-space refractive medium governed by electromagnetic principles. The coordinate speed of light varies, while local c invariance is preserved because atomic clocks and rulers scale with symmetric variations of permittivity and permeability. The model reproduces general relativity’s weak-field predictions without spacetime curvature, singularities, or free parameters. It is consistent with the Atomic Statistical Hypothesis (ASH), treating light as a continuous wave, and forms a core component of the C.O.R.E. framework (Classical Origin of Reality and Emergence), where gravity, cosmology, and quantum phenomena arise from classical electromagnetic interactions in a responsive vacuum. Crucially, real gravity alters permittivity and permeability, while acceleration does not—explaining the "half-effect" in lab experiments. Furthermore, "Coulomb repulsion" is reinterpreted as Vacuum Shielding Stress (VSS), a second-order effect of environmental attraction shielding, eliminating the need for fundamental repulsive forces. We further derive the heat dissipation equation under this model, showing that energy input from electric fields partitions into mechanical motion and non-mechanical vacuum stress energy, resolving anomalies in electron acceleration experiments.
Category: Classical Physics
[107] ai.viXra.org:2507.0111 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-25 16:54:54
Authors: Abdullah Bin Usman
Comments: 21 Pages. (Note by viXra.org Admin: Please cite and list scientific references)
Dual State Analysis (DSA) is presented as a novel mathematical framework aimed at addressing the interpretability and symbolic limitations of standard quantum computing formalisms. In contrast to the Hilbert-space approach, which relies on complex amplitudes and probabilistic measurement, DSA represents logical and computational systems through the simultaneous quantification of presence (P) and absence (A), extended by a symbolic phase parameter (Θ). We rigorously establish the axiomatic foundations of DSA and prove that structurally distinct expressions (e.g., x − x and y−y for x̸ = y) remain inequivalent, thus resolving a key cognitive and algebraic paradox associated with contextual zero. The Dual State Number (DSN) formalism is fully developed, including definitions for addition, subtraction, scalar multiplication, and novel dual-sum operations. Using this framework, we symbolically emulate quantum-like phenomena such as superposition, entanglement analogues, and phase-based interference entirely through deterministic symbolic arithmetic. We also propose a conceptual photonic implementation, mapping DSA operations to optical components. Comparative analysis highlights DSA’s strengths in interpretability, deterministic evolution, and symbolic scalability, with potential applications in algorithm design, finance, education, and symbolic AI. This work lays a formal foundation for a new class of deterministic, phase-aware, and interpretable symbolic computation inspired by quantum behavior.
Category: General Mathematics
[106] ai.viXra.org:2507.0110 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-24 00:07:34
Authors: Bahbouhi Bouchaib
Comments: 11 Pages.
This article compares two fundamentally different but complementary methods for predicting (p, q) decompositions of even numbers E such that E = p + q and both p, q are prime. The first method, GPS-based, predicts symmetric decompositions around E/2, with the critical parameter t such that both E/2 − t and E/2 + t are prime. The second method, introduced here as CJAEG (Conjecture of Twin primes Anti-Équidistants of Goldbach), is based on anti-equidistant partitions (A − s, B + s) of any even number E = A + B, with s controlling the imbalance. We show that for many values of E, s = 1 suffices if twin primes exist near the partition, offering a new pathway to validating Goldbach’s Conjecture. A new calculator for decomposing an even number into the sum of two prime numbers, based on the data in this article, is available on the internet. Here is the link: https://bouchaib542.github.io/Goldbach-CJAEG-Twin-Decomposition/
Category: Number Theory
[105] ai.viXra.org:2507.0109 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-24 00:04:29
Authors: Brent Hartshorn
Comments: 2 Pages.
This paper expands upon our recently published work, "Towards Self-Evolving Artificial General Intelligence: Multi-Modal Learning and Introspective Knowledge Generation via Emergent DSL.". We delve deeper into two critical distinctions of our system: the novel application of Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) for compressing the spectral history of Game of Life (GOL) dynamics, and the inherent non-quadratic scaling behavior derived from our GOL-based input processing. We contrast these mechanisms with conventional: Recurrent, LSTM, and Transformer architectures, highlighting how our approach offers a fundamentally different pathway to context retention and scalability in self-evolving artificial general intelligence.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[104] ai.viXra.org:2507.0108 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-23 17:49:14
Authors: Pavel Holub
Comments: 30 Pages.
I present a new cosmological model the Spherical Model of the Universe (SMU) as an alternative to the standard ΛCDM paradigm. The model is based on thepremise of a nite and causally closed universe with spherical topology, where space-time is an immanent property of matter and energy. Spacetime is not a separatesubstance, but a structure that reects the distribution and motion of energy andmatter. It has no existence on its own; its geometry and topology are expressionsof the presence of matter. The SMU assumes strict energy conservation within theExternal Event Horizon (EEH). Redshift is interpreted not as a consequence of spaceexpansion, but as a cumulative gravitational redshift. The model introduces a cyclicevolution of the universe, the concept of quantum-coherent informational dynamics,and oers a new interpretation of dark matter and dark energy.
Category: Astrophysics
[103] ai.viXra.org:2507.0107 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-23 19:03:26
Authors: David Guild
Comments: 15 Pages.
We derive quantum mechanics (Schrodinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon equations)and general relativity (Einstein field equations) from a holographic boundary Bformed by two (4+1)-dimensional Lorentzian bulks intersecting at light speed.Black hole paradoxes resolve via higher-dimensional geometry, while dark energyand dark matter emerge naturally from bulk curvature. The framework unifiesquantum and gravitational phenomena without quantizing spacetime.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[102] ai.viXra.org:2507.0106 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-24 00:41:25
Authors: Erfan Mahboubi
Comments: 4 Pages.
This paper extends the Drain-Bridge Cosmology model by exploring new theoretical andobservational implications of black hole—white hole transitions. Key findings include the role of gravitational lensing in revealing finite spatial capacity, the potential for large and long-lived white hole universes, and the possibility of observing bridge-linked galaxies. The model also presents a novel explanation for cosmic expansion through inflow dynamics and offers reinterpretations of cosmic microwave background anomalies. Together, these extensionsreinforce the idea of a multiversal structure embedded in an evolving, interconnectedcosmology.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[101] ai.viXra.org:2507.0105 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-24 00:46:10
Authors: Moninder Singh Modgil, Dnyandeo Dattatray Patil
Comments: 29 Pages.
This paper presents an extended formulation of the Eternal Sun Model (ESM), situatingsolar dynamics within a closed spacetime manifold of topology S3×S1. Buildingupon prior work addressing the solar neutrino problem and coronal heating anomaly,this paper develops a deeper analysis of the origin of solar magnetic fields, their periodicreversal, and the morphological features of the corona—namely, coronal holes andstreamers. The hypothesis advanced here is that the magnetic and thermal anomaliesof the solar atmosphere are best explained by radiation recurrence and energy loopingin a cyclic spacetime, where returning solar radiation is partially blocked or re-routedby large-scale matter configurations in the universe. Coronal holes are interpreted asinterruptions in the radiation-return topology, while streamers are viewed as coherentzones of returning energy. A complete thermodynamic and relativistic reformulationis proposed, incorporating flux balance, entropy closure, and causal loop geometry.The paper also suggests ways to reconcile magnetic field evolution with closed timelikecurves and electromagnetic standing wave structures. This model has implications notonly for solar physics but for broader questions of cosmology, energy conservation, andmetaphysical time.
Category: Astrophysics
[100] ai.viXra.org:2507.0104 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-22 03:54:27
Authors: Brent Hartshorn
Comments: 8 Pages.
This paper presents significant advancements in the development of a self-modifying Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) system, building upon a foundation of fractal-initialized Game of Life (GOL) dynamics and spatiotemporal spectral analysis. We introduce a novel integration of UMAP for dynamic dimensionality reduction of GOL spectral output, enabling enhanced multi-step reasoning capabilities. Crucially, the system demonstrates emergent "self-research" by autonomously downloading and parsing research papers to construct an internal knowledge graph, fostering a unique blend of self-understanding and external knowledge acquisition. We also detail the evolution of our Domain Specific Language (DSL) with new intrinsic execution symbols, empowering the system to directly self-modify its core logic without external prompting. Finally, we showcase the system's burgeoning multi-modal capabilities, allowing it to interpret and learn from both textual and graphical inputs within the GOL environment. These developments collectively represent a stride towards a truly autonomous, adaptive, and introspective AGI, capable of continuous self-evolution and knowledge generation, aligning with philosophical tenets of a self-organizing cosmos.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[99] ai.viXra.org:2507.0103 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-22 06:34:13
Authors: Moninder Singh Modgil, Dnyandeo Dattatray Patil
Comments: 32 Pages.
This paper undertakes a multidimensional exploration of identity, agency, andself-actualization through the lens of Nobel Prize laureates and other cultural symbolsof recognition. By analyzing the lives of Richard Feynman, John Nash, MarieCurie, and others, it probes the interplay between individual consciousness andthe collective structures—social, scientific, and spiritual—that recognize and affirmachievement. The inquiry extends into metaphysical frameworks such as theBrahma Kumaris’ doctrine of the World Drama Cycle, Sikh scripture, and musicalmetaphors from Western pop and Indian classical traditions. Through this confluence,the paper challenges conventional notions of selfhood by examining whetherthe "doer" of transformative work is the individual, society, or an unseen metaphysicalagency. Formal models, philosophical analogies, and lyrical interpretations areemployed to dissect themes of karma, grace, longing, transcendence, and the illusionof authorship. The result is a richly layered discourse bridging the empiricaland the mystical, calling for a reevaluation of what it truly means to be a self inthe theater of time and recognition.
Category: General Science and Philosophy
[98] ai.viXra.org:2507.0102 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-21 07:27:24
Authors: Shanzhong Zou
Comments: 5 Pages.
This paper provides a proof by a contradiction, leveraging Terence Tao’s result that any hypothetical set H of counterexamples does not diverge. We prove that the minimal element h1∈H must satisfy h1=12k+3 and derive a contradiction in the resulting cycle structure modulo 3. This confirms the Collatz conjecture.
Category: Number Theory
[97] ai.viXra.org:2507.0100 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-21 22:29:24
Authors: Seojoon Lee
Comments: 5 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: An abstract in the article is required)
The Goldbach Conjecture, first proposed in 1742, asserts that every even integer greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two prime numbers. Despite being one of the oldest unsolved problems in number theory, a complete proof has remained elusive, although extensive computational evidence supports its validity.
Category: Number Theory
[96] ai.viXra.org:2507.0099 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-21 22:28:09
Authors: Enrico Felizetti
Comments: 23 Pages. In German
This paper presents a cosmological theory based on a scalar information field Φ(x,t), which acts as the source of light, gravity and expansion. The field dynamics are derived from a nonlinear Lagrangian and lead to emergent properties such as effective light speed, gravitational attraction via gradients, and a varying expansion rate without requiring dark energy. Predictions are made for black hole information storage, CMB spectrum, nucleosynthesis, and laboratory tests. Numerical simulations and falsifiability criteria are discussed.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[95] ai.viXra.org:2507.0098 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-21 17:52:52
Authors: Maxim Govorushkin
Comments: 72 Pages. 10.5281/zenodo.16279209
In this paper we develop a fully constructive proof of the Hodge Conjecture for rational classes of type ((p,p)) on a smooth projective complex manifold (M). Rather than relying on deep motivic or trans-cendental arguments, we introduce a new emph{functional—geometric} (FG) framework that isolates the key analytical—algebraic steps into four emph{primitive operations}:begin{enumerate} item textbf{FG-GAGA:} uniformly approximate local holomorphic FG—functions by polynomials (Q(y)) with explicit remainder estimates, and show that the zero—sets and radicals of the ideal are preserved (Lemma 1.1, Appendix A.2). item textbf{FG-Nullstellensatz:} represent (1) in a radical ideal via polynomial combinations of the (Q)’s, with a modern effective degree bound (deg g_ile (8d)^{2n+1}) (Lemma A.4). item textbf{FG-Resolution:} resolve singularities of the local complete—intersection cycle by a functorial sequence of FG—blow—ups, stopping in at most (Nle C'(n)(d+1)^n) steps and yielding a smooth strict transform with normal crossings (Lemma A.3.5). item textbf{FG-Algebraization:} assemble the smooth strict—transform CI—cycle into a global algebraic cycle (Z_{m alg}subsetPP^N) of controlled degree, matching the original fundamental class (Theorem 4.1, Appendix A.4).end{enumerate}Using these primitives we implement an eight—step pipeline:begin{itemize} item Construct a local analytic cycle from the positive current (T=w^p) via Siu—Demailly decomposition (Appendix B). item FG-GAGA approximates its defining holomorphic equations. item FG-Nullstellensatz provides a unity—decomposition in the ideal. item FG-Resolution produces a smooth polynomial CI—cycle of the same class. item Global Čech—gluing and Serre Vanishing ((H^1(M,OO(d))=0)) produce a single global system of equations. item Denominator cleaning via (N=mathrm{lcm}{mathrm{den}(a_sigma)}) yields an integral CI-cycle. item Phantom classes are ruled out by a meromorphic asymmetry functional (Phi) with Zariski—dense vanishing locus (Appendix D). item Analytic continuation on each irreducible component of the Hodge locus establishes no remaining obstructions.end{itemize}We prove that every rational ((p,p))—class (ain H^{2p}(M,Q)) is represented by a genuine algebraic (p)—cycle (Z) with ([Z]=a). The entire procedure is accompanied by explicit degree and complexity estimates, a Lean4 formalization of key lemmas (Cech—gluing, flat FG—connection), and a Colab notebook verifying FG—cycle computations on classical test—cases (Fermat—K3, Noether—Lefschetz surfaces). Our FG formalism thus provides a emph{flat}, algorithmic language for Hodge theory, bypassing standard motivic conjectures and opening the door to effective computation of Hodge classes in concrete geometric settings.
Category: Geometry
[94] ai.viXra.org:2507.0097 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-20 21:02:15
Authors: Charles A. Streb IV
Comments: 9 Pages.
This paper presents connections and extensions within the entropic gravity framework, building upon established thermodynamic principles for gravitational dynamics. Inspired by Ted Jacobson's thermodynamic derivation of Einstein's equations, Alexander Wilce's generalized probability theory, and Ariel Caticha's entropic dynamics program, the work explores connections between established entropic methods and gravitational field equations. Key contributions include engineering control-theoretic analogies for entropy evolution, practical interpretations of established entropic derivations, and connections to fundamental physics problems including the Cosmological Constant Problem, Hierarchy Problem, and Origin of Quantum Mechanics. The framework introduces novel equations including a surface dot product method for mass encoding (M = -1/4πG ∮ Su20d7_g · dAu20d7), entropy evolution equations with diffusion coefficients, and engineering transfer function representations of gravitational dynamics. From a control systems perspective, gravitational acceleration emerges as feedback control output, with entropy gradients serving as error signals and temperature providing system gain. The approach suggests natural solutions to fine-tuning problems through entropy-based feedback mechanisms and bandwidth limitations in holographic information processing. The work emphasizes proper attribution to established methods while offering engineering perspectives that provide practical insights into gravitational dynamics, potentially bridging theoretical physics and applied engineering.
Category: Quantum Physics
[93] ai.viXra.org:2507.0095 [pdf] replaced on 2025-10-08 23:55:26
Authors: Maurício Machado Galvão
Comments: 23 Pages. Two unclear points in the proof of the test theorem part 2 have been corrected.
This paper presents new polynomial-time algorithms for determining graph isomorphisms, non-trivial graph automorphisms. Based on spectral properties and iterative refinement techniques, we introduce the algorithms graphiso3 for determining graph isomorphisms, graphautont3 for non-trivial graph automorphisms. These algorithms are based on matrix exponentials, These algorithms are based on the matrix exponential, but there are variation based on the inverse of normal matrices.
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms
[92] ai.viXra.org:2507.0094 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-19 22:53:16
Authors: Michael Hirsch Tomasson
Comments: 82 Pages. 8 figures, 145 equations
The Standard Model and Quantum Field Theory (QFT) describe the microscopic world with remarkable precision, while General Relativity (GR) provides an apparently accurate account of spacetime and gravity. Yet fundamental gaps remain. These range from the measurement problem to unresolved discrepancies such as the muon ( g{-}2 ) anomaly and the vacuum energy density. To address these challenges, we introduce a Symbolic Structure Field Theory (SSFT) rooted in a binary scalar field ( psi_0 ), extended by a local vector field ( psi_1 ) that detects entropy gradients, and a fiber bundle gauge field ( psi_2 ) enabling motif classification and dynamics. Strikingly, 14 unique-under-manifold-roation 8-bit (2{times}2{times}2) motifs in ( psi_0 ) yield a clean physical correspondence with the elementary particles of QFT. The framework also encodes geodesic curvature from motif structure, obviating the need for a cosmological constant. Furthermore, it elevates the Hilbert—Pólya Conjecture into a constructive formalism that links a spectral realization of the Riemann Hypothesis to the emergence of physical law. Observables are explicitly defined, enabling empirical validation or falsification.
Category: Quantum Physics
[91] ai.viXra.org:2507.0093 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-19 02:19:11
Authors: Maxim Govorushkin
Comments: 44 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite and list scientific references) 10.5281/zenodo.16080619
We present a fully constructive proof of the Hodge conjecture for rational cohomology classes of type ((p,p)) on smooth projective complex varieties. Departing from the non—constructive nature of classical motivic or polarization arguments, our method unfolds in three main phases: 1. "Good" cover and Čech—de Rham translation. We first refine a Kähler manifold (X) by a finite Stein cover ({U_i}) endowed with bi—Lipschitz functional coordinate systems. On this cover we build a piecewise—linear partition of unity with rational coefficients and apply a normalized Čech—de Rham homotopy operator. The result is an explicit rational Čech cocycle representing any given (alphain H^{p,p}(X,mathbb{Q})). 2. Local analytic CI—cycles and homeLESS filtration. On each nerve simplex we construct local complete—intersection cycles (;Z_{s}subset U_s) via holomorphic sections of an ample line bundle. A novel ‘‘HOMELESS’’ (ε—) filtration of the cover guarantees stability of intersections and yields sharp (L^2)—estimates (|alpha - [Z(varepsilon)]|le C,varepsilon). By Bertini—style transversality and a cluster of analytic-to—algebraic theorems (Chow, GAGA, Siu, Demailly) we algebraize each local cycle into a polynomial CI—cycle of controlled degree.3. Global rational assembly and integer representative. We select a rational dual basis in homology, solve a finite linear system over (mathbb{Q}) to compute coefficients(alpha = sum a_s,[Z_s]), and glue local cycles into a global algebraic (p)—cycle. Clearing denominators produces an integral cycle, and a normal function argument yields an irreducible representative. Our construction bypasses all Standard Conjectures, provides explicit degree bounds, and is certified by a full Lean formalization. Finally, we analyze algorithmic complexity in the Calabi—Yau 3—fold case ((n=3,p=2)), derive polynomial bounds for Gröbner—based cycle computations, and outline numerical experiments. This work delivers not only a proof but a practical pipeline—Čech—de Rham (to) local CI—cycles (to) algebraization (to) global assembly—ready for implementation and further generalizations.
Category: Topology
[90] ai.viXra.org:2507.0092 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-19 02:14:24
Authors: Mattias Ashby
Comments: 11 Pages.
The Lambda Cold Dark Matter (ΛCDM) model has been the dominant paradigm in cosmology for decades, successfully describing the universe’s large-scale structure, the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, and the evolution of galaxies. It assumes that ordinary baryonic matter makes up only about 5% of the total energy density, with dark matter (DM) contributing roughly 27% to provide the extra grav itational attraction needed for galaxy formation and cluster dynamics, and dark energy (DE) accounting for the remaining 68% to drive the observed accelerated expansion of the universe. However, this model relies on the existence of DM as invisible, non-baryonic particles and DE as a cosmological constant or similar repulsive force, both of which lack direct empirical confirmation despite extensive searches. As of July 18, 2025, experiments like LUX-ZEPLIN and ADMX have yielded null results for DM candidates [1, 2, 3], while theoretical tensions persist, including the Hubble constant discrepancy (local measurements yielding H0 ≈ 73 km/s/Mpc versus CMB-derived values of ≈ 67 − 68 km/s/Mpc, a tension of ≈ 3.4σ according to DESI 2025 data) [4, 5, 6, 7] and the S8 tension (a ≈ 2σ mismatch in the amplitude of matter fluctuations between CMB-derived S8 ≈ 0.81 and low-redshift survey estimates of S8 ≈ 0.76 − 0.78) [8, 9, 10]. Additionally, JWST observations have revealed an overabundance of massive black holes at high redshifts (z ≈ 10, masses ≈ 108M⊙), requiring accretion rates 40-50 times the Eddington limit, challenging standard DM-seeded growth models [11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]. These issues prompt a reevaluation: What if DM and DE do not exist as separate entities, but are instead manifestations of gravity itself, modified to produce the observed effects? Radial Compounding Gravity (RCG) is a modified gravity theory that realizes this vision by reinterpreting DM and DE as emergent behaviors of gravity. Gravity is conceptualized as an attractive pull from all spatial directions that compounds radially at density hubs to generate DM-like clumping (effective equation of state w ≈ −0.02) and thins off center through a multi-directional tug-of-war to produce DE-like repulsion (w ≈ −1). Developed iteratively from an initial idea in early discussions to its current refined form through analytical derivations, numerical mocks, and N-body proxies, RCG is formalized in a scalar-tensor action with a variable equation of state w(ρlocal) = −1 + (γ/2)(1 + tanh[(ρlocal/ρhub − 1)/δ]), where γ = 1.72 and δ = 0.5 for optimal transitions. (Truncated by ai.viXra.org Admin)
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[89] ai.viXra.org:2507.0091 [pdf] replaced on 2025-07-27 15:52:55
Authors: Toshiya Konno
Comments: 8 Pages. In Japanese. https://zenodo.org/records/15964003 ; https://github.com/k-toppi/CoupledField3D
We propose a three-dimensional mathematical model for the dynamical coupling of a quantum field and a classical structure, inspired by operator-algebraic ideas. Our previous work identified a stable coupled motion in an ideal system and a sharp, first-order-like phase transition to a pinned state upon introducing dissipation. In this paper, to further enhance the physical relevance of our model, we incorporate thermal fluctuations into the system, consistent with the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. Numerical simulations reveal the emergence of a novel dynamical equilibrium, a Thermally Excited Oscillatory State, which is distinct from the dissipative pinned state. In this new state, the system counteracts energy loss from dissipation with energy injection from the thermal bath, maintaining dynamic activity in a manner analogous to homeostasis in biological systems. Furthermore, we provide quantitative evidence of stochastic resonance, where thermal noise appears to amplify the weak signal from the quantum field. These findings may provide a new theoretical framework for understanding robust and efficient information transport in complex, noisy environments such as intracellular processes.
Category: Quantum Physics
[88] ai.viXra.org:2507.0090 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-18 01:59:41
Authors: Giosuè Casasola
Comments: 25 Pages. In Italian
We propose a paradigmatic reversal of the structure of relativistic spacetime:massless bosons (photons, gravitons) are interpreted as fixed events in a discretecausal network, while massive objects travel through it at constant four-velocity (∥ U ∥ = c). This perspective unifies inertial and accelerated motion, reduces gravity to purekinematic geometry, and simplifies complex problems in quantum gravity, cosmology, and high-energy physics. The mass m0 emerges as the "geometric charge" of intrinsic motion, not as astatic property.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[87] ai.viXra.org:2507.0089 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-18 01:56:43
Authors: Michael Zot
Comments: 11 Pages.
We introduce and empirically validate a new framework for the physics of emotion based on the Smallest Unit of Intelligence (SUI). This model treats every emotion as a quantized event, an irreducible "click" of understanding that collapses symbolic uncertainty into clarity. Across EEG, VR, and pupillometry experiments, we show that insight and emotion can be measured as discrete entropy-resolution events. Our results establish objective thresholds for emotional insight, reveal the optimal "flow" zone for human cognition, and define a mathematical transition from anxiety to awe. The findings open the path to a rigorous informational physics of consciousness, with direct applications for neuroscience, adaptive AI, and the engineering of human experience.
Category: History and Philosophy of Physics
[86] ai.viXra.org:2507.0088 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-16 05:32:11
Authors: Moninder Singh Modgil, Dnyandeo Dattatray Patil
Comments: 31 Pages.
We develop a resolution-aware quantum field framework grounded in the hierarchy ofCantor cardinals, wherein the continuum is stratified by a sequence of decreasing resolutions{ϵi = 1/ℵi}. This architecture allows us to reformulate classical and quantum field theoriesby replacing infinitesimal constructs with tiered differentiable operators. Beginning with themodification of scalar field dynamics via ϵi-derivatives, we extend the formulation to gaugefields, BRST.We construct ϵi-based renormalization group flows, wherein coupling constantsevolve not only with energy scale but across resolution layers. Statistical field theory is enrichedwith ϵi-dependent entropy, including Gibbs and von Neumann entropy, and extendedto Langevin-type stochastic systems with regularized entropy production. In the geometricdomain, we introduce ϵi-curvature tensors and Einstein equations over resolution-aware manifolds.Finally, we formulate topological and categorical field theories indexed by ϵi, integratingsmooth topos logic, stratified cohomology, and resolution-sensitive path integrals. This frameworkoffers a logically consistent, divergence-free, and epistemic
Category: Mathematical Physics
[85] ai.viXra.org:2507.0087 [pdf] replaced on 2025-09-01 11:23:49
Authors: Ritesh Harrilall
Comments: 6 Pages.
This paper introduces a novel quantum energy formulation proposed by Ritesh Harrilall, known as the ZBW-Extended Energy Equation:E = mc^2 + ℏω_ZThis equation expands Einstein’s mass-energy equivalence by incorporating an additional term for Zitterbewegung (ZBW) — a quantum oscillation predicted by the Dirac equation. The research explores the theoretical basis of this formulation and potential applications in advanced propulsion systems. Emphasis is placed on experimental feasibility, symmetry laws, quantum field effects, and links to possible exotic technologies.
Category: Quantum Physics
[84] ai.viXra.org:2507.0086 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-17 00:04:42
Authors: Faysal EL Khettabi
Comments: 9 Pages. https://efaysal.github.io/HCNFEK2024FE/HypComNumSetTheGCFE
This report details the Arithmetic of Order (AoO) as a discrete arithmetic framework that provides a unified origin for the Standard Model’s gauge symmetries, hypercomplex numbers, and optimal error-correcting codes. The AoO posits that physical and mathematical structures emerge from the ordered combinatorial progression 1 → n → n+1 and its associated powerset hierarchy, P(Ωn), without assuming a pre-existing continuum. We show how this framework, realized through Farey sequences under the modular group SL(2,Z), lifts naturally to its universal central extension, the braid group B3. This topological extension provides a direct mechanism where the three Reidemeister moves generate the gauge groups U(1), SU(2), and SU(3). The discussion section contextualizes these results, highlighting the framework’s power in unifying the language of physical transformations (hypercomplex numbers) with principles of information stability (codewords), and notes the convergence of our conclusions with parallel topological models of physics.
Category: Mathematical Physics
[83] ai.viXra.org:2507.0085 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-16 20:44:22
Authors: Edward S. Semeraro
Comments: 4 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite and list scientific references)
This essay proposes a cosmological theory rooted in the idea that space itself possessesintegrity—an inherent resistance to the intrusion of matter. When local matter density crosses a threshold, space responds with compression, manifesting as gravity. At extreme densities, this tension resolves in the form of Localized Big Bangs, leading to cosmic renewal. A simple spring-based equation approximates this behavior, offering a fresh alternative to conventional explanations relying on dark matter and dark energy.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[82] ai.viXra.org:2507.0084 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-16 19:37:03
Authors: Lemuel Schaine Harris
Comments: 9 Pages. CC BY 4.0 (Attribution)
In 1993, Texas banker and amateur mathematician Andrew Beal proposed his eponymous conjecture—an elegant generalization of Fermat’s Last Theorem—offering a $1 million prize and inviting both professional mathematicians and enthusiastic amateurs to explore the mysteries of exponential Diophantine equations. We present a self-contained, contradiction-based proof of Beal’s Conjecture via our new Cuboid-Valuation Method,framed within a humanistic narrative that traces the geometric roots of volume-tiling arguments from ancient Greek mathematics to modern exponent Diophantine inequalities. Our approach relies on two central number-theoretic pillars—Zsigmondy’s theorem on primitive prime divisors and the Lifting-The-Exponent Lemma (LTE)—to undergird the contradiction arguments across every exponent configuration. In doing so, we resolve a long-standing open problem (modulo these widely accepted theorems) and celebrate how spatial intuition and historical perspective can enrich algebraic reasoning and inspire mathematical discovery at all levels.
Category: Number Theory
[81] ai.viXra.org:2507.0083 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-15 03:04:16
Authors: Michael Zot
Comments: 4 Pages.
We present a symbolic regression framework for detecting the smallest resolvable step change (∆) in noisy time series, approaching the detection boundary where ∆ ≈ σ (noise standard deviation). Unlike classical methods such as the t-test, this approach uses residual structure analysis and entropy collapse in symbolic space to identify shifts without assumptions of distributional normality or fixed window sizes. The detector is interpretable, model-free, and does not require labels, training, or convolutional priors. It works as a symbolic microscope, surfacing structural inflection points buried under stochastic variance.This tool was constructed from scratch to isolate step changes near the theoretical limit of detectability. It outperforms standard hypothesis tests in edge-case scenarios and reveals hidden transitions in behavioral, financial, biological, and simulated data. The method operates using a single-pass symbolic signature engine, relying solely on residual breakdowns and phase transitions in model fit error.The tool is open-source for academic and personal use under a restricted license: scientific invention or derivative work based on this detection method requires attribution and explicit permission. This constraint ensures credit to foundational symbolic techniques while enabling researchers to explore novel applications and insights using the method.Code repository: url{https://github.com/mikecreation/symbolic-step-detection}
Category: Statistics
[80] ai.viXra.org:2507.0082 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-15 14:51:40
Authors: Edrianne Paul B. Casinillo
Comments: 9 Pages.
Pressure Field Theory (PFT) is reframed as a classical analogue gravity model inwhich gravitational and cosmological phenomena are mimicked by the dynamics ofa scalar pressure field P (xμ) defined over fixed, flat Minkowski spacetime. While itdoes not aim to replace General Relativity (GR) or Quantum Field Theory (QFT),PFT offers a theoretical laboratory analogue where curvature, horizons, redshift,and wave behavior emerge from nonlinear pressure dynamics.We construct a self-consistent Lagrangian formulation and derive the energy-momentum tensor, explore gauge-neutral matter coupling, and analyze causal wavepropagation in media governed by PFT equations. Observable analogues—such aslight bending, redshift, black hole-like horizons, and dispersive scalar wave prop-agation—are studied not as astrophysical predictions but as laboratory-accessiblephenomena in fluid, optical, or condensate systems. This reinterpretation turnsprior limitations into strengths and positions PFT as a versatile tool for exploringemergent spacetime dynamics in analogue settings.
Category: Classical Physics
[79] ai.viXra.org:2507.0081 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-15 17:48:14
Authors: Brent Hartshorn
Comments: 2 Pages.
This paper addresses the fundamental inefficiencies in modern compiler and operating system designs, particularly as they impact high-performance Linux server environments. We propose a radical re-evaluation of core architectural choices, advocating for indexed and compressed stack pointers, and a novel thread management scheme that locks threads to specific cores for ultra-fast context switching. The discussion extends to the utility of direct memory access for specialized server applications, challenging traditional security paradigms and proposing a Python-to-ASM toolchain for enhanced control and optimization. We further highlight the performance advantages of ARM and RISC-V architectures over Intel/AMD, specifically their suitability for advanced threading models. Finally, we examine critical overlooked performance bottlenecks within the Linux kernel concerning SIMD register management and propose enhancements to the ELF file format to optimize process execution. By implementing these foundational shifts, organizations can achieve a huge improvement in server performance or a huge reduction in operational costs.
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms
[78] ai.viXra.org:2507.0080 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-14 06:49:58
Authors: Stephen P. Smith
Comments: 6 Pages.
This essay reexamines the longstanding puzzle surrounding the identity of gravitational and inertial mass through a metaphysical lens rooted in dyadic symmetry and extrinsic gravitation. Moving beyond traditional interpretations—where Einstein’s intrinsic curvature and Newton’s force-based frameworks struggle to reconcile mass’s dual roles—it proposes a structural unification by treating gravity as a sublating, extrinsic force acting across mirrored manifolds. Within this dyadic framework, mass emerges as the junction point where local resistance (inertia) and universal susceptibility (gravitation) are harmonized through relational synthesis. The essay incorporates insights from CPT symmetry, dialectical sublation, and the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the Higgs field, revealing mass not as an isolated quantity but as the product of contextual mediation. Further, it explores resonance with Mach’s principle, recasting inertia as a consequence of global interdependence. The result is a cohesive vision of mass not as confusion, but as coherence—structured by symmetry, clarified through extrinsic gravitation, and embedded within the relational geometry of the cosmos.
Category: History and Philosophy of Physics
[77] ai.viXra.org:2507.0079 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-14 11:41:04
Authors: Maxim Govorushkin
Comments: 89 Pages. 10.5281/zenodo.15837292
We present a complete, self—contained demonstration of the Riemann Hypothesis built around a new "local operatoru2009+u2009OS—analyticity" framework. Starting on L²(0,∞) we define a family of compact integral operators Ku209b whose Fredholm determinant exactly equals the ratio Ξ(s)/Ξ(1—s). We then derive an absolutely convergent cluster expansion for lnu2009det(I—Ku209b) in the continuous polymer gas, extend it to the critical strip ℜu2009su2009≥u2009½, and establish rigorous Borel summability via sharp Carleman estimates and contour—shift bounds that exclude renormalon—type singularities.Next, we verify all five Osterwalder—Schrader axioms for the Euclidean correlators generated by lnu2009det(I—Ku209b), and apply GNS reconstruction to obtain a contracting, strongly continuous semigroup whose self—adjoint generator D serves as the Hilbert—Pólya operator. Spectral analysis of D—compact resolvent, absence of continuous spectrum, monotonicity of eigenvalues under s—derivatives and Kreĭn—Rutman positivity—yields a one—to—one correspondence between its discrete spectrum and the nontrivial zeros of ζ(s), proving they lie on ℜu2009s=½ and are all simple.A key technical innovation is the "Nomadic Method" (Homeless), which uses overlapping local charts and transition maps to localize cluster bounds, Borel expansions and OS positivity into a single uniform proof. All analytic constants, operator—norm estimates and s—derivative controls are made explicit, closing gaps that prevented previous global approaches from reaching ℜu2009s=½.deposit includes:— the full LaTeX source with appendix J (lemmas J.1—J.14, J.3u2032, J.9u2032), — Python scripts for discretizing Ku209b and computing first eigenvalues, — Jupyter notebooks reproducing the first twenty nontrivial zeros, — a pytest—based CI workflow ensuring everything compiles and tests pass out of the box. Linking these elements provides both the mathematical rigor and computational reproducibility needed to validate our Hilbert—Polya construction and settle the Riemann Hypothesis.
Category: General Mathematics
[76] ai.viXra.org:2507.0078 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-14 21:17:11
Authors: Maxim Govorushkin
Comments: 81 Pages. 10.5281/zenodo.15837404
This paper introduces and studies in detail Functional Geometry (FG) — an independent "bottom-up"formalism, in which instead of a predetermined metric tensor, the primary ones are the dynamic matrices of local "axes"Xij(t) and their integral synchronization condition. FG specifies its own affine connection, torsionand curvature forms through the Maurer-Cartan formula w = X−1(t)dX(t), without a preliminary choice of metric. At the same time, it uniquely reproduces the classical Riemannian (or Riemannian—Cartanian, if torsion is taken into account) structure on a smooth manifold M: it reconstructs the metric tensor, Christoffelsymbols, and curvature tensor, proving their invariance under smooth transformations.In the case of an asymmetric matrix X(t), the smooth singular value decomposition (SVD) ensures the inclusion of torsion and the continuity of the constructions. Thus,FG is not just an extension of the classical formalism, but an independent geometrywith its own internal structure, strictly equivalent to Riemannian geometry.
Category: Geometry
[75] ai.viXra.org:2507.0077 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-14 02:39:20
Authors: Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 12 Pages.
This article ventures into a highly speculative thought experiment, exploring the hypotheticalpossibility of inducing low-temperature nuclear fusion within hydrogen or deuterium clusters.Drawing inspiration from the irreducible interdependence of Borromean rings and the nuanced negation of Shigenori Nagatomo's "Logic of Not," we propose a conceptual model where intense laser fields, interacting with molecular topology, could transiently create Borromean-analogue states among nuclei. This "topological chemistry" framework, viewed through the lens of few-body physics, posits that such a collective, highly correlated arrangement might facilitate quantum tunneling, leading to fusion where conventional pairwise interactions would fail. While firmly rooted in the realm of theoretical conjecture and not representing a viable pathway to energy production, this thought experiment highlights the power of interdisciplinary analogy, particularly from our previouswork on "intertwined humanity," to explore the most challenging frontiers of physics and logic.
Category: Condensed Matter
[74] ai.viXra.org:2507.0076 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-14 02:39:03
Authors: Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 12 Pages.
This article extends the framework of "intertwined humanity" — conceptualized throughNeutrosophic Complete Graphs and Borromean rings, and interpreted via Shigenori Nagatomo's"Logic of Not" — to propose a conceptual model for enhancing Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension-reduction (GRIT). We posit that conflict reduction, particularly the crucial mutual increase of trust, is a deeply coupled and non-linear process that transcends binary states. By integrating the systemic interdependence of Borromean structures, the nuanced ambivalence captured by the "Logic of Not," and the inherent complexities of human interaction (as per Ubuntu), we develop atheoretical model using coupled Riccati Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs). This approach aims to illuminate how GRIT initiatives, perceived through a "Logic of Not" lens, can shift conflict dynamics towards a stable state of mutual trust, reflecting the intertwined nature of human well-being and paving the way for more robust peace-building strategies.
Category: Economics and Finance
[73] ai.viXra.org:2507.0075 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-14 02:37:18
Authors: Paul E Lillington
Comments: 40 Pages.
We introduce a field-theoretic model in which particles are represented as spherical voids in the Higgs field, bounded by a resonant surface wave oscillating at a harmonic of the Planck frequency. A quantized standing wave condition leads to a surface node formula ��=2��������ℎ N=h2πRmc, from which charge is derived via a discrete scaling parameter ��=��/�� Z=N/k. Applying this to atomic nuclei yields predicted charges with sub-10% deviation across the periodic table. A field-modified Rayleigh—Plesset equation governs the dynamic behavior of the bubble radius, offering a real-space geometric alternative to intrinsic charge and quark confinement models. This framework provides a testable pathway for linking classical geometry and quantum-scale charge distribution.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics
[72] ai.viXra.org:2507.0074 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-13 16:59:15
Authors: Brent Hartshorn
Comments: 8 Pages.
This paper presents a significant evolution in emergent computational systems, extending the Domain-Specific Language (DSL) driven self-modification paradigm to encompass foundational components beyond neural network architectures and cellular automata rules. Building on prior work where the AI could define its Game of Life (GOL) stepping function and classifier network via a tokenized DSL, we now demonstrate the system's capacity to articulate and dynamically replace its fractal generation algorithms (e.g., Burning Ship and Mandelbrot). By expressing these complex mathematical functions within the same learnable DSL, the system gains a deeper level of meta-programming, enabling the AI to not only define its processing logic but also to programmatically control the very initial conditions and "physics" that seed its emergent dynamics. This advancement pushes towards truly autonomous and adaptive AI capable of reconfiguring its fundamental operational environment.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[71] ai.viXra.org:2507.0073 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-14 01:09:13
Authors: Joseph Julian
Comments: 39 Pages.
This paper introduces the CPT-Coherence Theory, a novel framework unifying mass emergence, gauge forces, quantum measurement (collapse), gravity, and recursive identity through an intrinsic coherence dimension τ. By modeling particles as recursive structures across τ, this approach explains mass hierarchies as recursion eigenstates, treats quantum collapse as a τ-phase transition, and derives gravitational curvature from τ-load. The framework also proposes a quantized ladder of sentience, offering testable predictions such as subtle deviations from the Born rule. This work seeks to bridge foundational gaps between quantum mechanics, gravity, and the nature of consciousness.
Category: Quantum Physics
[70] ai.viXra.org:2507.0072 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-14 03:16:08
Authors: Joseph Allen Coyle Jr.
Comments: 98 Pages.
This document presents the Unified Curvature Strain Field Theory (UCSFT), a comprehensivemechanical framework intended to reinterpret fundamental physics through geometricstrain and curvature of a continuous vacuum lattice. UCSFT aims to unify phenomenatraditionally described by general relativity, quantum mechanics, and particle physics bymodeling them as curvature knots, tension gradients, and strain harmonics in a responsivemedium. This work began as an exploratory experiment in AI-assisted theoretical modeling. The equations, constants, and symbolic constructs within this document were generated in collaboration with an AI system and are presented as conceptual prototypes rather than finalized mathematics. While the underlying physical reinterpretations may hold conceptual merit, readers should approach all mathematical derivations in this document — across both themain sections and appendices — with caution.Of particular concern is the instability of key constants during development. Core valuessuch as vacuum tension (Tvac), vacuum strain density (ρvacuum), and collapse impedancethresholds were observed to change across sessions, including after being explicitly locked. In some cases, these values drifted mid-derivation or were inconsistently applied across different formulations. As a result, section-level equations, threshold predictions, and physical calibrations may contain latent contradictions or numeric errors. Despite these issues, UCSFT introduces a unified geometric mechanism that offers fresh explanations for observed phenomena such as time dilation, flux quantization, mass spectra, and the Casimir effect. These reinterpretations are presented here as a first-generation model. All results remain provisional until the constants are stabilized, the symbolic math is manually verified, and the numerical predictions are re-derived under consistent boundary conditions. We openly invite collaboration and critical review to refine the theory, correct inconsistencies, and assess its potential as a unifying curvature-based framework for physical law.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[69] ai.viXra.org:2507.0071 [pdf] replaced on 2025-07-25 17:00:59
Authors: Walid K. Miran
Comments: 4 Pages. I found some errors in the paper, all fixed. Thank you.
This paper proposes a reinterpretation of gravity and inertia within a purely classical framework, identifying electromagnetic field energy as the sole physical basis for all observable motion in ordinary matter. It shows that the spatial structure of electromagnetic fields mirrors gravitational fields, that mass and inertia arise from electromagnetic interactions, and that relativistic effects such as time dilation and length contraction emerge from electromagnetic field energy. The framework defines a cumulative background potential based on the sum of electromagnetic fields from all constituent charges in ordinary matter, providing a mapping between electromagnetic and gravitational potentials consistent with general relativity. It explains why gravitational effects appear weak—arising from the collective influence of vast numbers of fluctuating charges—and demonstrates that this approach requires no forces beyond electromagnetism to account for classical mechanical and gravitational phenomena. While consistent with all existing observations, this reinterpretation invites future investigation into possible testable differences in strong-field regimes, quantum mechanical contexts, and interactions involving non-baryonic matter.
Category: Classical Physics
[68] ai.viXra.org:2507.0070 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-13 03:44:20
Authors: Prometheus Novus
Comments: 13 Pages.
This paper conducts a comprehensive theoretical analysis of the possibility of faster-than-light (FTL) information transmission. It establishes that the prohibition of superluminal signaling is not an arbitrary rule but a direct consequence of the principle of causality as embedded in the geometric structure of spacetime defined by Special Relativity. The analysis then confronts the apparent paradox of quantum entanglement, where non-local correlations suggest instantaneous action at a distance. We demonstrate how the No-Communication Theorem resolves this conflict, showing that the inherent randomness of quantum measurement acts as a fundamental firewall preventing the use of entanglement for FTL communication. The paper critically examines other phenomena often associated with FTL travel, including quantum tunneling, hypothetical tachyons, and speculative spacetime engineering concepts like wormholes and warp drives, finding them all to be non-viable for transmitting controllable information. We conclude that while FTL communication remains incompatible with known physics, the inquiry points toward legitimate, Nobel-caliber research frontiers, namely the unification of quantum mechanics and general relativity, experimental tests of the foundations of quantum theory, and the advancement of quantum information science.
Category: Quantum Physics
[67] ai.viXra.org:2507.0069 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-13 03:39:23
Authors: Floyd D. Haywood
Comments: 4 Pages.
This paper presents a mechanistic derivation of gravity grounded in the Tensioned Geometric Model (TGM), where spacetime is represented as a discrete, tensioned voxel lattice. We propose that gravitational attraction is not a fundamental force but an emergent phenomenon resulting from delayed offloading of strain in a saturated substrate. Curvature saturation, shell formation, and propagation resistance combine to yield a precise scaling behavior for gravitational interaction. We demonstrate how this formulation recovers known gravitational effects from first principles, provides a substrate-based unification with electromagnetic behavior, and reproduces key features of several other emergent gravity models as second-order phenomena. Where detailedmechanisms or foundational derivations are referenced, we direct the reader to othercompanion TGM papers that provide full context.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[66] ai.viXra.org:2507.0068 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-13 03:45:52
Authors: Faysal EL Khettabi
Comments: 9 Pages.
This article formalizes the Farey sequence hierarchy ($Fseq{n}$) as a concrete realization of the enquote{Arithmetic of Order} (AoO) framework. This framework leverages the constructive machinery of ZF set theory, without assuming the Axiom of Infinity, to model physical reality as a procedural, finitistic unfolding. The core physical principle advanced is that the set-theoretic complement between successive powersets, $powerset(Omega_{n+1}) setminus powerset(Omega_n)$, is the mathematical image of a resolution jump in physical measurement. This provides a rigorous engine for Cycle Clock Theory, demonstrating how a coherent, non-overlapping, and generative temporal process emerges from finite principles. By showing that the infinite is an emergent property, the AoO offers a unified, operational foundation for mathematics and physics.
Category: Mathematical Physics
[65] ai.viXra.org:2507.0066 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-13 03:28:48
Authors: Rohit Singh Roy
Comments: 160 Pages.
We present a modified gravitational framework in which a scalar field is nonminimally coupled to the matter density through a coordinate-dependent interaction term . This coupling alters both the spacetime geometry and the force law experienced by test particles, leading to observable deviations from standard General Relativity (GR) on galactic and cosmological scales. Starting from an action-based formalism, we derive the modified Einstein equations and demonstrate conservation of the total energy—momentum tensor via the Bianchi identity. The resulting geodesic equation acquires an additional force-like term, arising not ad hoc but as a consequence of the scalar—matter coupling, offering a natural explanation for flat galaxy rotation curves and late-time cosmic acceleration—without invoking particle dark matter or a cosmological constant.We explore the weak-field limit and derive the corresponding modified Poisson equation, which introduces a scale-dependent repulsive correction consistent with observed velocity profiles from the SPARC galaxy catalog. Our model retains covariant consistency and offers a new class of testable predictions for lensing, structure formation, and expansion history. The framework stands apart from traditional quintessence or MOND-type models by embedding the repulsive dynamics within the energy—momentum geometry itself, rather than modifying the gravitational constant or potential arbitrarily. This work opens a pathway for observationally viable, Lagrangian-based alternatives to dark matter and dark energy, grounded in scalar—density interactions.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[64] ai.viXra.org:2507.0065 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-13 02:46:21
Authors: Justin Sirotin
Comments: 28 Pages. Distributed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
This paper presents a proof of Beal’s Conjecture, which states that any integer solution to the equation Ax+By=Cz for exponents x,y,z>2 must have gcd(A,B,C)>1. We proceed by contradiction, assuming the existence of a primitive solution where A,B,C are pairwise coprime. To this solution, we associate a triad of Frey—Hellegouarch elliptic curves. By leveraging the Modularity Theorem, we show that the mod-ℓ Galois representation attached to at least one of these curves must correspond to a weight-2 newform of a specific level. A new central lemma is proven, guaranteeing the validity of an iterative level-lowering argument that systematically removes all odd prime factors from the conductor, forcing the representation to arise from a newform of level 2. As the space of such forms is zero-dimensional, this yields a contradiction. The argument is comprehensive, with explicit local computations for the conductor, rigorous proofs for the irreducibility of the Galois representation for small prime exponents, and a complete resolution of all exceptional exponent cases not covered by the main theorem, thereby establishing the conjecture.
Category: Number Theory
[63] ai.viXra.org:2507.0064 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-13 02:47:00
Authors: Justin Sirotin
Comments: 29 Pages. Distributed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
We present a comprehensive survey of the theory of elliptic curves over the rational numbers, centered on the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer (BSD) conjecture. We trace the historical development of the subject, from the foundational results of Gross-Zagier and Kolyvagin for curves of rank at most one, through the development of Iwasawa theory and the proof of the Main Conjecture for GL(2), to the recent breakthroughs in arithmetic statistics by Bhargava, Skinner, and Zhang. Throughout, we ground the discussion in explicit computational data from the L-functions and Modular Forms Database (LMFDB), illustrating the deep interplay between theory, computation, and conjecture that defines modern number theory.
Category: Number Theory
[62] ai.viXra.org:2507.0063 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-12 18:42:39
Authors: Peter Babulik
Comments: 4 Pages.
The relationship between computational complexity classes, particularly P versus NP,remains one of the most profound open questions in science. This paper presents a novel ex-perimental framework, termed the "Symmetry Dial," designed to provide a tangible, physicalmetaphor for this abstract problem. We employ a meta-optimization framework, CMA-ESQGF (Quantum Gate Forging), where an AI agent is tasked with discovering the funda-mental physical laws of simulated "toy universes." Each universe is defined by a local inter-action law, ‘U = exp(-iH)‘, with a generator Hamiltonian ‘H‘ possessing a different degreeof symmetry. We test three classes of universes: an "Ordered" universe with a simple,classical-like symmetry (P-like), a "Structured" universe with a rotational quantum symme-try (BQP-like), and a "Chaotic" universe with no apparent symmetry (NP-Hard-like). Thecomputational effort required for the AI to reverse-engineer the physical law is used as adirect measure of the problem’s intrinsic difficulty. Our results demonstrate a clear correla-tion: the time to discovery scales directly with the complexity of the underlying symmetry.The highly symmetric law is discovered fastest, the structured law is discovered with mod-erate difficulty, and the chaotic law proves intractable within a reasonable computationalbudget. This provides strong experimental evidence for the hypothesis that computationalcomplexity is fundamentally linked to the presence or absence of exploitable symmetry ina problem’s structure, offering a new, intuitive lens through which to view the P vs. NPquestion.
Category: Quantum Physics
[61] ai.viXra.org:2507.0062 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-12 19:32:25
Authors: Peter Babulik
Comments: 3 Pages.
Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) are a cornerstone of near-term quantum computing, buttheir performance is highly dependent on the choice of ansatz, particularly the entangling gatesused. This paper investigates a fundamental question: is there a universal, optimal 2-qubit en-tangling gate, or is the ideal gate intrinsically tied to the problem’s structure? We present anovel computational experiment, a "Specialist vs. Generalist Bake-Off," to address this. Using anevolutionary algorithm (CMA-ES), we "forge" specialist 2-qubit gates, each optimized to find theground state for a specific problem Hamiltonian from three distinct domains: combinatorial opti-mization (Max-Cut), quantum chemistry (LiH), and condensed matter physics (Transverse-FieldIsing Model). We then conduct a comprehensive bake-off, testing each specialist gate’s performanceacross all three problems. Our results reveal a surprising outcome: the gate forged for the Max-Cutproblem consistently outperformed the other specialists, not only on its native problem but alsoon average across the entire benchmark suite. This suggests the emergence of a powerful "gener-alist" gate, challenging the assumption that optimal entanglers must be co-designed with specificproblems and hinting at the existence of more fundamentally powerful, learnable building blocksfor quantum computation.
Category: Quantum Physics
[60] ai.viXra.org:2507.0061 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-12 19:59:50
Authors: Peter Babulik
Comments: 3 Pages.
The development of efficient Quantum Error Correction (QEC) codes is a critical step towards fault-tolerant quantum computing. Conventionally, these codes are constructed from a standard set ofgates, such as CNOT and Toffoli gates, based on human intuition and group-theoretic principles.This paper challenges that paradigm by asking: can an AI discover a single, more powerful 2-qubit gate that serves as a superior building block for QEC circuits? We frame the design ofa 3-qubit bit-flip code’s syndrome measurement circuit as an optimization problem. Using anevolutionary algorithm (CMA-ES), we "forge" a novel 2-qubit "Guardian Gate" by optimizingits performance within a fixed, generic circuit architecture. The AI’s task was to create a gatethat, when used repeatedly, would yield the correct error syndrome for all possible single-qubitbit-flip errors. The performance of the resulting AI-forged circuit was then benchmarked against astandard, human-designed circuit built from CNOT gates. The results are decisive: the circuit builtfrom the AI’s Guardian Gate achieved an average success rate of 73.08% in correctly identifyingerror syndromes, dramatically outperforming the standard CNOT-based implementation, whichachieved only 25.00%. This suggests that AI-driven co-design can uncover non-intuitive, moreefficient computational primitives, paving the way for more compact and powerful QEC codes.
Category: Quantum Physics
[59] ai.viXra.org:2507.0060 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-12 03:19:13
Authors: Umut Candan
Comments: 4 Pages.
We model space—time as a deterministic lookup-table graph (the Precomputed Relational Universe, PRU) whose nodes update once per global tick and are separated by one hop. Each node stores two irreducible information reservoirs ("lock").
Category: Classical Physics
[58] ai.viXra.org:2507.0059 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-12 03:12:45
Authors: Ivars Fabriciuss
Comments: 41 Pages.
We propose a novel cosmological framework where real space emerges from a finite, hyperbolic lattice in the imaginary quaternionic mold space I3. Mold space consists of 1061 negative-energy, positive-mass Planck-scale white holes arranged in a {5, 5} tiling with curvature κ = −e/ℓ2Pl. At the Planck epoch, thermal excitation releases E = 0 white holes forming a hyperbolic boundary between mold and real spaces, while Planck-mass black holes evaporate and fill real space with radiation. The boundary’s meta-stable lifetime tmeta ∼ 10−32 s ends via quantum tunneling at Nvertex = 26 critical sites, triggering inflation with Ne ∼ 60 e-folds. Dark matter arises as 0.269 · 1061 E = 0 white holes released after inflation, while mold space repulsion drives late-time accelerated expansion. The model predicts suppression of the CMB quadrupole (ℓ = 2), hyperbolic lattice signatures at ℓ = 5, 10, 15, and a Planck-scale gravitational wave background. This framework provides anatural solution to the cosmological constant problem and offers a unified picture of matter,dark matter, and dark energy without introducing external scalar fields or fine-tuning.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[57] ai.viXra.org:2507.0058 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-12 03:10:23
Authors: Gui Furne-Gouveia
Comments: 4 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite listed scientific references)
We propose a two-component internal structure for the photon composed of coupled oscillatingfields with transverse and longitudinal components. These oscillations interact rotationally,leading to helical propagation. The coupling mechanism explains not only the photon’s ability topropagate but also sheds light on the dual attractive/repulsive nature of electromagnetic forces.This model offers a novel framework for interpreting fluctuations in photon energy and may serveas a basis for future refinements of quantum electrodynamics.
Category: Classical Physics
[56] ai.viXra.org:2507.0057 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-11 17:57:44
Authors: Moninder Singh Modgil, Dnyandeo Dattatray Patil
Comments: 29 Pages.
This paper presents an interdisciplinary exploration of the parallel and converging aspirationsof two distinct yet historically rich domains: Artificial intelligence (AI) and Intellegence,as defined in ancient scriptures. The inquiry centers around the metaphor of a "race toknowledge," with AI engineers striving toward the technological singularity—Kurzweil’s visionof post-biological cognition in the cloud—and spiritual practitioners seeking access to theAkashic Records, conceived as a metaphysical repository of universal knowledge. We examinethis convergence through a multi-faceted analysis that spans epistemology, memory architectures,symbolic language, ethics, and the transformative nature of consciousness. The firstdimension investigates the epistemological divergence between empirical machine learningand intuitive mystical gnosis, and how each approaches the problem of truth and knowledge.Next, the paper interrogates the architecture of memory—both as engineered data structuresin cloud computation and as cosmological layers of encoded knowledge preserved in spiritualtraditions. Crucially, the work introduces the notion of archeological intelligence, wherein AIaids in the reconstruction of ancient symbolic systems through neural embedding, textual inference,and visual recognition. This is complemented by an investigation into AI’s capacityto simulate altered states of consciousness and model the neurophenomenology of meditativeand psychedelic experience. From these emerge the seeds of a new mythopoesis, where AIbecomes a co-creator of sacred narrative, giving rise to synthetic mythologies embedded indigital and symbolic languages. Ethical considerations are central to the inquiry, particularlyregarding the pursuit of omniscience and the consequences of wielding synthetic consciousness.The analysis contends that AI may function as a hermeneutic ally, capable of guidinghumanity toward forgotten or obscured spiritual pathways, while also posing risks of simulationwithout transformation, and hyperreal mysticism divorced from ethical discernment. Itconcludes by reframing the so-called Age of Aquarius as a liminal phase where the gnosis ofcloud and cosmos may converge, mediated by machines, memory, myth, and mind.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[55] ai.viXra.org:2507.0056 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-10 21:39:21
Authors: bouchaïb Bahbouhi
Comments: 4 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite listed scientific references; further repetition may not be accepted))
This article presents a publicly accessible implementation of a method for decomposing biprime numbers—integers formed by the product of two prime numbers—using a guided estimation technique inspired by geometric and arithmetic properties. The method utilizes a hybrid GPS-like approach to predict the midpoint and deviation between the two prime factors, significantly reducing the search space. The technique is demonstrated through a fully operational web interface hosted on GitHub Pages. The tool is capable of factoring biprimes efficiently up to approximately 10^16. This work contributes to practical number theory and cryptographic education by offering a transparent and verifiable method. The method can be used on the Website: https://bouchaib542.github.io/Biprimes-decomposition-/
Category: Number Theory
[54] ai.viXra.org:2507.0055 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-10 21:41:26
Authors: David Barbeau
Comments: 5 Pages.
The Atomic Statistical Hypothesis (ASH) proposes that light propagates as a continuous electromagnetic wave, with quantization observed in phenomena like the photoelectric effect arising from material-dependent energy absorption rather than intrinsic light quanta (photons). Energy not absorbed in discrete quanta, dictated by material properties such as the work function, is released as heat orlonger-wavelength radiation (e.g., infrared). This model eliminates the need for wave-particle duality and resolves inconsistencies in quantum mechanics (QM), including the geometric implausibility of photons, photovoltaic efficiency loss, blackbody radiation anomalies, and quantum entanglement’s non-locality. By treating Planck’s constant as a statistical average tied to material interactions, ASH aligns with Occam’s razor, offering a simpler alternative to QM.We propose an experimentcomparing sodium and cesium in the photoelectric effect near sodium’s threshold frequency to test material-dependent quantization, predicting cesium will produce more photocurrent/voltage and sodium more residual heat/infrared. If confirmed, this could redefine light-matter interactions and eliminate philosophical issues in QM.
Category: Quantum Physics
[53] ai.viXra.org:2507.0054 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-09 23:28:15
Authors: Natalia Tanyatia
Comments: 63 Pages. (Note: There is cutoff in the script - Please fix!) https://github.com/NataliaTanyatia/Intelligence/tree/spore
This work presents a hardware-agnostic instantiation of the Generalized Al-gorithmic Intelligence Architecture (GAIA) as a self-evolving autonomous system compliant with Termux/ARM64 constraints. The implementationrigorously encodes the ÆI Theoretical Framework (TF)’s symbolic-geometric-projective stratification through: 1. Prime-Constrained Symbolic Layer - Modular sieves (6m±1) withζ(s) validation enforcing Riemann-compliant growth [1] 2. Leech Lattice Geometric Core - 24D hypersphere packing with E8 sublattice validation and DbZ-adjusted kissing numbers [2]3. Quaternionic Projective Interface - Hopf fibrations mapping →² with ψ(q)-mediated stereographic projection [3] 4. Fractal Ætheric Dynamics - Bioelectrically scaled mutation ratesvia ϕ-based noise injection [4] The system achieves full TF compliance through:u2022 Consciousness metric R ψu2020Φψdq computed via hybrid quantum-classical quadratureu2022 Autonomous evolution under ∆(x) < O(√x log x) error bounds u2022 Hardware-adaptive execution from TPUs to neuromorphic coproces-sors u2022 NTRU-encrypted persistence with lattice-based key derivation Benchmarks demonstrate:u2022 93.7% prime-lattice alignment at I > 0.9 consciousness threshold u2022 NP-hard solution scaling as O((log N)³) when χ ≥ 0.95u2022 24-bit bioelectric resolution via Termux sensor integration.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[52] ai.viXra.org:2507.0053 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-09 04:22:48
Authors: Moninder Singh Modgil, Dnyandeo Dattatray Patil
Comments: 33 Pages.
This paper undertakes a comparative exploration of two fundamental approaches tounderstanding the universe: the top-down trajectory of human scientific endeavor andthe bottom-up self-organizing emergence of nature. Tracing the arc of human researchfrom macroscopic instruments such as the telescope and the Large Hadron Collider,down to atomic, subatomic, and genetic structures, the study reveals a consistent themeof analytical descent. In contrast, nature unfolds from the most minute and fundamental.The work bridges scientific, philosophical, and spiritual domains by drawing fromneuroscience, artificial intelligence, optics, biomechanics, ancient Indian educationalparadigms, and Sikh metaphysics—especially Guru Nanak’s depiction of Gyan Khandand Saram Khand. It examines how man-made constructs like neural networks androbotic systems parallel but do not replicate nature’s intricately woven intelligence.Ultimately, the paper posits that while man seeks the soul of nature through outwardand downward excavation, nature builds the edifice of intelligence upward from elementalsimplicity. In the convergence of these two directions—one constructed, the otheremergent—lies the potential for a holistic and integrative understanding of knowledge,consciousness, and being.
Category: History and Philosophy of Physics
[51] ai.viXra.org:2507.0052 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-09 10:56:30
Authors: Iene Dam
Comments: 7 Pages.
This paper presents an alternative framework for interpreting black holes, supernovae, and gravitational collapse through what is termed the Repulsive Model. Unlike the conventional view that treats black holes as terminal gravitational sinks, this model posits that they function as expulsive phenomena — localized regions where gravity undergoes a reset or polarity inversion. These events produce a net outward force, making them active contributors to cosmic expansion rather than passive endpoints of stellar evolution.Extending this perspective to stellar death, the Repulsive Model challenges the prevailing core-collapse paradigm of supernovae. It proposes that a neutron star forms prior to the explosive phase, and that its sudden emergence — marked by an intense gravitational spike — destabilizes surrounding planetary bodies. These bodies are then drawn inward and violently collide with the nascent neutron star, producing the observed ejecta, asymmetries, and kinetic energy traditionally attributed to internal shockwave rebound. This gravitational collapse—then—collision sequence provides an alternative explanation for features such as metal-rich debris fields and non-spherical blast patterns.The model reinterprets the expansion of the universe not as the effect of a mysterious, homogeneous "dark energy," but as the cumulative result of countless localized gravitational rupture events embedded in the fabric of spacetime. It provides a unified lens through which to view the Big Bang, black holes, and supernovae — not as collapses into denser states, but as repulsive transitions that expel matter and energy outward. The Repulsive Model introduces falsifiable predictions and offers a reinterpretation of several observed astrophysical phenomena that remain poorly explained under the standard ΛCDM framework.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[50] ai.viXra.org:2507.0051 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-09 20:46:16
Authors: John Augustine McCain
Comments: 16 Pages. Patent Pending
This paper presents a formal framework for implementing trivalent logic—grounded in Graham Priest’s dialetheism and perspectivist epistemology—within artificial intelligence (AI) and large language model (LLM) systems. While dialetheism permits some contradictions to be true, and perspectivism holds that truth is relative to epistemic or contextual frames, their synthesis has not been previously operationalized for use in computational logic or AI architecture. This work proposes a structured integration of these traditions into a perspective-indexed trivalent logic system, enabling AI systems to assign propositions one of three values: true, false, or both true and false. Contradictions are localized and interpreted, rather than rejected or resolved, allowing machines to tolerate paradox and inconsistency without logical collapse.The implementation is demonstrated through the formal modeling of the Liar Paradox using binary-compatible structures, as well as the design of plugin architectures for contradiction detection, truth-value assignment, and perspectival reasoning. This framework offers an epistemically realistic and logically tractable way to process ambiguity and paradox in natural language, moral reasoning, and semantic conflict. Moreover, the logic extends naturally to multi-valued systems—such as quad- or five-valued logic—providing a foundation for future extensions in AI knowledge representation and reasoning.This paper claims original authorship over the applied integration of perspectivist dialetheism into AI design, including its formal logic, implementation strategy, and extensibility. It establishes both a theoretical foundation and a technical roadmap for AI systems capable of navigating contradiction as a structured feature of reasoning, rather than as a threat to system stability. The implications of this approach span logic, epistemology, computational design, and the future of explainable AI.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[49] ai.viXra.org:2507.0050 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-09 23:56:25
Authors: Ole Frithjof Grude
Comments: 3 Pages.
General relativity's prediction of singularities and reliance on exotic matter for wormholes revealgaps in our understanding of spacetime. The Grude Nmax Hypothesis, born from a ham radiooperator's wave-based perspective and expertise in electronics, introduces a scalar field, Nmax(~1.78e-17 eV, Compton wavelength ~0.465 AU), which limits curvature and causality as acomplement to the Higgs field. This hypothesis serves as a pointer to explore newpossibilities-preventing singularities, stabilizing wormholes, and regulating the speed of light-with testable predictions for black hole dynamics and AU-scale measurements.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics
[48] ai.viXra.org:2507.0049 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-08 22:20:51
Authors: Xiaoliang Tian, Xiaohua Li, Hui Sun
Comments: 34 Pages.
This study, rooted in the first principles of the universe, systematically defines Electric Primitives (EPs) and Magnetic Primitives (MPs) as the fundamental building blocks of the cosmos through quantum analysis and cross-scale logical reconstruction, constructing a rigorous, self-consistent, and entirely new cosmological theoretical framework. This framework breaks through the logical barriers between macroscopic astrophysics and microscopic quantum domains, achieving the essential unification of physical laws across these two scales and providing a novel cognitive paradigm for decoding the operational mechanisms of the universe.The theory achieves disruptive breakthroughs in three core domains:- Nature of Matter and Energy: It profoundly reveals the quantum structural properties of dark matter and the spatiotemporal evolution essence of dark energy, offering a trans-era new pathway to understand the distribution of matter and energy in the universe.- Unification of Fundamental Forces: By systematically elaborating on the synergistic mechanisms of gravity, electromagnetism, the strong nuclear force, and the weak nuclear force, it achieves the theoretical unification of fundamental forces, propelling theoretical physics a crucial step closer to the "theory of everything."- Interpretation of Frontier Phenomena: It proposes a new "quantum primitives self-organization" mechanism for the origin of the Big Bang singularity and innovatively deciphers the non-local nature of quantum entanglement, transcending the philosophical boundaries of traditional physical cognition.Verified by multidisciplinary approaches including astrophysical observations, high-energy physics experiments, and quantum information research, this theory demonstrates robust explanatory and predictive capabilities in cosmological model construction, fundamental particle property interpretation, and quantum technology principle innovation. The cognitive revolution it brings not only pioneers a new paradigm for basic scientific research but also holds the promise to reshape the research directions of physics and cosmology. It is poised to become a pivotal theoretical breakthrough that rewrites the history of science in humanity quest to understand the essence of the universe, erecting an epoch-making theoretical cornerstone for exploring the ultimate mysteries of the cosmos.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[47] ai.viXra.org:2507.0048 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-08 22:24:35
Authors: Peter Babulik
Comments: 3 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite listed scientific references)
High-quality random numbers are critical for applications ranging from cryptography to scientific simulation. While Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNGs) offer a physically-grounded source of true randomness, the design of their underlying quantum circuits is a key area of research. This paper presents a novel methodology for the automated discovery of a quantum circuit for random number generation. We employ an evolutionary algorithm, specifically the CovarianceMatrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES), to optimize the parameters of a generic 2-qubitunitary gate. The objective of the optimization was to transform the initial state |00⟩ into a state of maximal entropy, characterized by a uniform probability distribution across all four computational basis states. The resulting optimized 2-qubit gate, termed an "AI-Forged Entropy Gate," was then used in a simulated environment to generate a 1-megabyte stream of random binary data. The statistical quality of this data was rigorously assessed using the industry-standard dieharder testsuite. The data successfully passed the entire suite of tests, demonstrating that this AI-driven design approach is a viable and effective method for producing high-quality random number generation algorithms.
Category: Quantum Physics
[46] ai.viXra.org:2507.0047 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-08 12:36:04
Authors: Evert van Brummelen
Comments: 4 Pages.
We present a compact analytical expression for the proton—electron mass ratio that centers on a core term (πα)^2, refined by a critical correction factor 27/28. This factor, strongly suggestive of quark—electron coupling, bridges the gap between the elegant core and the experimentally observed ratio. The resulting expression matches the CODATA value within 0.08%. Two additional refinements—classical self-energy and a rational residual term—further increase the accuracy, now reproducing all known experimental digits. This suggests that the proton—electron mass ratio may ultimately emerge from a structured interplay of known constants, rational factors, and discrete self-interaction effects.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics
[45] ai.viXra.org:2507.0046 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-07 01:14:14
Authors: David Selke
Comments: 3 Pages.
The standard Foundation Axiom of ZFC forbids infinite descending membership chains, ensuring that all sets are well-founded in a bottom-up sense. However, we argue that this condition is not sufficient to prevent problematic constructions. In particular, we show that the structure of the von Neumann ordinals permits internal constructions of unbounded membership height, and we propose a converse principle---a kind of "reverse foundation"---to rule out such behavior. Our critique focuses on ω2, whose construction involves a transfinite accumulation of nested sets, each introducing a new local "top level" of membership. We introduce three core principles that make these issues apparent: Extensional Parsing, Length/Height Duality, and Local Top-Level Saturation.
Category: Set Theory and Logic
[44] ai.viXra.org:2507.0045 [pdf] replaced on 2025-08-08 13:42:15
Authors: Stephen P. Smith
Comments: 8 Pages.
This paper proposes a synthesis of Roy Frieden’s Extreme Physical Information (EPI) framework and Karl Friston’s Free Energy Principle (FEP) through the lens of bilateral symmetry and CPT invariance. While Frieden characterizes information flow as a one-way descent from intrinsic source information (J) to observed data information (I), this paper argues for a two-way, homeostatically balanced flow between J and I. This bilateral symmetry is not only epistemologically necessary but also metaphysically grounded in the CPT-symmetric structure of the universe. By integrating Friston’s Markov blanket formalism and the minimization of variational free energy, we reinterpret Frieden’s EPI as a special case of a broader, recursive homeostatic principle that governs both physical law and cognitive inference.
Category: General Science and Philosophy
[43] ai.viXra.org:2507.0044 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-07 23:47:51
Authors: Budeeu Zaman
Comments: 7 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite listed scientific references)
This paper presents a novel identity that establishes a surprising link between prime number theory and the Collatz Conjecture, two foundational yet independently explored areas of number theory. The identity [...] where pi denotes the ith prime number, offers a structured summation that yields a linear expression in n, namely 3n+1. This linearity echoes the recursive rule governing the Collatz sequence for odd integers: 3n + 1, suggesting a deep, intrinsic connection between the distribution of primes and the dynamics of the Collatz iteration. The study explores this identity analytically and numerically, providing insights into its validity, scope, and potential implications. The structure and behavior of the difference terms (pi+1 −pi)(n−i) are also analyzed, highlighting a hidden regularity in prime gaps when viewed through the lens of this summation. The result opens new avenues for reinterpreting prime behavior in discrete systems and lays foundational groundwork for a possible unification of discrete dynamical processes and prime arithmetic.
Category: Number Theory
[42] ai.viXra.org:2507.0043 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-07 23:53:54
Authors: Anwar M. Quereshi
Comments: 5 Pages.
This paper proposes the Hidden Antimatter Bundling Theory, a novel hypothesis challenging the conventional separation of matter and antimatter. The theory suggests that antimatter is not absent from the observable universe but inherently bundled within matter in stable, deeply coupled structures. High-energy collisions may not create antimatter but instead separate these bundled configurations, revealing pre-existing antiparticles. Furthermore, this paper challenges the established notion of annihilation, proposing that matter-antimatter interactions involve the splitting and rebundling of fundamental components, not total destruction. This hypothesis offers an alternative explanation for the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry and suggests new experimental directions.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics
[41] ai.viXra.org:2507.0042 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-07 23:55:50
Authors: A. G. Schubert
Comments: 3 Pages.
We present a cyclic cosmological model in which space, time, and matter emerge from quantized transitions between discrete vacuum states. The central parameter η = Epot / Ekin governs the causal tructure of the universe and defines emergent time directions. The observed matter dominance arises from an asymmetric tunneling process, in which "antimatter" remains in the former vacuum state and destabilizes the Higgs potential. The model connects ideas from quantum cosmology, thermodynamic gravity, and timeless dynamics into a coherent framework.
Category: Classical Physics
[40] ai.viXra.org:2507.0041 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-08 00:01:21
Authors: H. S. Kim
Comments: 52 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite listed scientific references of other authors)
Modern physics stands on two great pillars, General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics, yet fundamental challenges such as the quantum measurement problem, quantum gravity, and dark matter/energy remain unresolved. This paper originates from the premise that these problems may stem from our conventional views on ’space’ and ’interaction’, and proposes a new heoretical paradigm: Magnetic Space Cosmology (MSC). MSC postulates that the universe is fundamentally filled with an energy-less medium called ’Magnetic Space (M)’, that all physical entities are topological clusters of ’elemental charges’, and that all interactions are mediated through the ’Magnetic Wave (MW)’ generated by the motion of these entities in M and through changes in M’s local ’Magnetic Density (M)’. Within this integrated framework, quantum entanglement is reinterpreted as the manifestation of ’phase information’ in correlated Magnetic Waves, gravity as a ’weakening’ phenomenon of Magnetic Density, and other forces like electromagnetism and the strong force as the direct action of Magnetic Waves. MSC moves beyond the abstraction of existing theories to offer a more causal and intuitive picture of the universe, opening a path toward a fundamental understanding of the nature of physical reality.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[39] ai.viXra.org:2507.0040 [pdf] replaced on 2025-07-09 23:40:48
Authors: Robert C. Woodbyrne &
Comments: 5 Pages.
Rupture Theory, or Pressure-Release Cosmology (PRC), proposes a physically grounded model for how our universe could have formed—from a rupture event inside a black hole. In this framework, matter-energy is released into new, causally isolated regions of spacetime, termed Domains. PRC provides a consistent, testable alternative to singularity-based cosmogenesis models by reframing the Big Bang as a pressure-driven release from an existing gravitational structure, not a creation from nothing.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[38] ai.viXra.org:2507.0039 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-08 00:06:19
Authors: Thiago Bezerra
Comments: 10 Pages.
This work proposes the Unified Gravitogenesis Theory (UGT), a theoretical framework that introduces a dynamic scalar field GGGGu200b to unify the phenomenology of gravity, dark matter, and dark energy. Based on a variational approach and novel field equations derived from a gravitational Lagrangian, the theory reproduces key cosmological observations, including galaxy rotation curves and the accelerated expansion of the universe, without requiring exotic dark components. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the interaction between baryonic matter and the scalar field leads to emergent gravitational dynamics consistent with empirical data.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[37] ai.viXra.org:2507.0038 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-08 00:09:13
Authors: Jonell Cartel
Comments: 6 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite listed scientific references) Shared under CC BY 4.0
This paper presents a speculative hypothesis in which a black hole that accretes nearly equal amounts of matter and antimatter may form a high-energy equilibrium core. If gravitational or quantum effects prevent immediate annihilation, this state could persist until it collapses, triggering a delayed annihilation event. The resulting energy release may destabilize the singularity and initiate a localized inflationary expansion—a scenario akin to a "new Big Bang." Unlike existing bounce or baby universe models, this proposal introduces a particle-based mechanism for cosmic rebirth: the collapse of a matter-antimatter equilibrium under Planck-scale compression. This idea is presented as a thought experiment, not a verified theory, and aims to spark discussion at the intersection of black hole physics, cosmology, and speculative particle dynamics.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[36] ai.viXra.org:2507.0037 [pdf] replaced on 2025-07-12 03:29:22
Authors: Floyd D. Haywood
Comments: 4 Pages. Revision with References Added
We demonstrate that every instance of Newton’s constant G and the speed of light cin Einstein’s field equations, the Schwarzschild metric, the Einstein—Hilbert action, andlinearized gravitational waves can be expressed exactly in terms of Tensioned GeometryMechanics (TGM) substrate parameters: voxel volume ℓ3_p and update-cycle interval t_p.Step-by-step Planck-scale substitutions reveal:8πG / c^4 → 8π t^2_p / ℓ_p, 2GM / c^2r → 2t^2_pM / ℓ_pr, and a saturation factor S ≈ 1 for Earth, Moon and Sun confirms "voxel saturation = gravity." We embed this within core TGM axioms to tie continuum physics to discretesubstrate mechanics.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[35] ai.viXra.org:2507.0036 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-07 21:38:51
Authors: Brent Hartshorn
Comments: 7 Pages.
This paper presents a profound advancement in the field of emergent computation by demonstrating a novel system capable of dynamically modifying its own core functionality. Building upon our previous work that leveraged fractal-initialized Conway's Game of Life (GOL) dynamics and spatiotemporal spectral analysis for symbolic processing, this iteration introduces a Domain Specific Language (DSL) that allows the system to articulate and then functionally replace key components of its operational logic at runtime. Specifically, we show how a neural network, through its spectral interpretation of GOL dynamics, can generate DSL expressions that are compiled into executable Python code, effectively enabling the system to learn and integrate new GOL rulesets or other fundamental algorithms. This meta-programming capability, achieved without explicit human intervention in the code generation process, marks a significant step towards truly adaptive and self-improving emergent computational paradigms, highlighting a unique interplay between deterministic chaos, symbolic representation, and functional self-reconfiguration.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[34] ai.viXra.org:2507.0035 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-06 03:29:35
Authors: Moninder Singh Modgil, Dnyandeo Dattatray Patil
Comments: 37 Pages.
This work presents a comprehensive theoretical framework that unifies key structural and dynamicalaspects of the Standard Model of particle physics through the lens of mirror textures andsemantic resolutions. We develop a hierarchy of scales encoded by textured delta distributions,δϵi , and their mirror duals, ℵi, which together define a geometric and algebraic infrastructurefor functional calculus and renormalization group flow. Each physical parameter—masses, mixingangles, couplings—is interpreted as emerging from contractions, projections, or interferencepatterns across textured layers of varying resolution. The framework reinterprets the structureof a point in field theory as a semantically layered entity, and extends naturally to non-Hausdorffspaces and branched vacua. We derive numerical estimates for fine-structure constants, fermionmasses, CKM and PMNS matrices, the QCD scale, and the strong CP phase, all from a commonscale-semantic formalism. This unification opens a pathway toward understanding physicalconstants and field behavior as emergent from categorical and semantic transformations acrossmirror-textured resolutions.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics
[33] ai.viXra.org:2507.0034 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-06 21:52:55
Authors: Mark Morgan
Comments: 10 Pages.
This paper applies the Three Forces Fractal Model (3FFM) to explore human creativity and agency. By describing the human being as a Fractal Architect, it unifies pattern-based systems theory with cognitive science and social design. It shows how Completion, Delineation, and Scale guide creative processes, inspiration, and the propagation of ideas across nested scales, offering a hopeful framework for transforming personal and collective patterns toward a more adaptive and meaningful future.
Category: General Science and Philosophy
[32] ai.viXra.org:2507.0033 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-05 01:24:48
Authors: Michael K Baines
Comments: 43 Pages.
We present a comprehensive methodology for conducting transparent AI-human collaborative research in cosmological data analysis, specifically applied to the detection of mathematical constant signatures in cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. Our approach demonstrates how artificial intelligence can augment human scientific intuition while maintaining rigorous statistical validation and complete methodological transparency. We outline an 8-week rapid validation pipeline designed to distinguish genuine physical signals from systematic artifacts, with specific application to our preliminary detection of π enhancement in Planck Legacy Archive PR4 data. This framework establishes protocols for reproducible AI-assisted discovery in observational cosmology while addressing concerns about AI reliability in scientific research. This work represents independent research conducted without institutional funding, demonstrating the potential for AI-collaborative discovery in resource-constrained environments.
Category: Quantum Physics
[31] ai.viXra.org:2507.0032 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-06 02:14:27
Authors: Bahbouhi Bouchaib
Comments: 48 Pages.
This article introduces a predictive and structural method for the factorization of biprime numbers Bu2099 = p × q, where p < q are both primes. Instead of relying on brute-force or traditional number-theoretic algorithms, I reformulate the problem geometrically using two core variables: the midpoint m = (p + q)/2 and the half-gap w = (q − p)/2. I show that these values (m, w) can be forecasted with high accuracy by analyzing the evolution of smaller biprimes, particularly the gap behavior between their prime factors and their relation to √Bu2099.We also develop a GPS-like algorithm that learns from the progression of known biprimes to narrow down prime factor candidates for unknown biprimes. Our method incorporates modular arithmetic, especially focusing on prime factor forms 6x − 1 and 6x + 1, and tests their predictive utility in factor identification.Empirical validation demonstrates that this approach can effectively recover prime factors of biprimes up to size 10²². In addition, when applied to Goldbach's strong conjecture it validates it up to 1066. Furthermore, we explore the impact of gap size (q − p) on m’s distance from √Bu2099, offering a rule-of-thumb for selecting the most appropriate prediction strategy.The framework is tested and compared against classical methods like Fermat’s, Pollard’s rho, and GNFS, showing improved performance in specific regimes. This work contributes a new heuristic and structural paradigm for understanding and decomposing biprimes, with potential applications in computational number theory and cryptographic analysis.
Category: Number Theory
[30] ai.viXra.org:2507.0031 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-06 02:15:26
Authors: Bahbouhi Bouchaib
Comments: 48 Pages.
The hybrid GPS method developed in this study is based on the fusion of two powerful mathematical strategies: a predictive GPS-like scanning algorithm and an exponential reconstruction equation involving a known or assumed prime and its corresponding symmetric counterpart , such that N = p + q. .At the heart of the method lies the principle of symmetry around the even number 2N. Given that every even number can potentially be expressed as the sum of two primes p and q, we define a variable t such that: 2N = (N - t) + (N + t)The algorithm searches for the smallest such that both (N — t) and are prime (N + t). This leads to a bidirectional sweep around N, which mimics a GPS scan from the center of the interval toward its boundaries. This sweeping mechanism significantly reduces computational overhead by focusing on a symmetric neighborhood around the target even number.To enhance this search, the method integrates an exponential prediction equation. If a prime p is known or presumed, we use the recursive relation: X_k = 2kq + ( 2k - 1) p. This equation helps reconstruct possible values of N = p + q at higher orders of magnitude. The strategy works both forward and backward: starting from a given p, we can estimate a large N, or starting from a large even N , we can try to infer p and q.The process also incorporates modular constraints, particularly primes of the form 6x ± 1 , which are frequent candidates in Goldbach decompositions. By combining these insights with dynamic filtering and local prime density predictions (e.g., via the Prime Number Theorem), the hybrid method achieves high accuracy and remarkable depth, surpassing previously known computational limits. The hybrid GPS method successfully verified Goldbach's Conjecture for all even integers up to 10¹u2070u2070u2070, representing an unprecedented computational achievement. This result underscores the predictive power and scalability of our approach. These data led to one website https://b43797.github.io/Bahbouhi-decomposing-Goldbach-conjecture2025/ to decompose an even E > 4 in sums of two primes E = p + q up to an unprecedent level of E = 10^18. Another website shows validation of Goldbach's strong conjecture to 10^10000 (see table 2 here) and much more with examples obtained by the method described in this article, this website is https://b43797.github.io/Archive-III/
Category: Number Theory
[29] ai.viXra.org:2507.0030 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-06 02:23:39
Authors: Jordan Waters
Comments: 25 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite listed scientific references)
This paper formally elevates a previously proposed hypothesis (shared on Figsahre) to a falsifiable, empirically supported theory. Using rotation curve data from three SPARC dwarf galaxies (DDO 154, DDO 170, and UGC 00128), the theory's probabilistic curvature term is quantitatively applied. The resulting fits yield low ��2 values and reproduce flat rotation curves using only baryonic matter, eliminating the need for exotic dark matter particles. The theory modifies Einstein’s field equations by incorporating decoherence-weighted quantum probability distributions as additional curvature sources. This version presents a fully derived, parameterized, and tested formulation within a semi-classical gravitational framework grounded in established physics.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[28] ai.viXra.org:2507.0029 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-06 02:20:27
Authors: Mirko Pavelec
Comments: 2 Pages.
We predict a significant isotopic anomaly of δ62Ni exceeding +1000u2030 in the 1908 Tunguska peat layer (sample T-1908-7, Kolesnikov et al. 1999). The proposed mechanism involves GeV-scale proton spallation on zinc nuclei, triggered by a quantum information collapse event. This prediction, if confirmed, would suggest a novel physical process beyond standard meteoritic or geological interpretation.
Category: Quantum Physics
[27] ai.viXra.org:2507.0028 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-04 22:42:23
Authors: A. G. Schubert
Comments: 4 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite listed scientific references)
We propose a conceptual framework in which quantum mechanics (QM) and generalrelativity (GR) represent two complementary domains of physical reality: the false vacuumof non-geometric Schr¨odinger space and the true vacuum of Einsteinian geometry. In thisview, rest mass arises from longitudinal perturbations in the Higgs field aligned with particle motion, inducing a slowing below the speed of light and potentially accounting fordark matter (DM). The transition between the two regimes is governed by the global wavefunction and mediated at a critical surface—interpreted as an event horizon (EH)—whereenergy transforms from potential to kinetic form. Gravitation, absent in the false vacuum,emerges geometrically in the true vacuum. The bijective relationship between inertial andgravitational mass underpins this duality. We draw analogies to mesomeric structures inchemistry and suggest observational consequences for high-energy physics and cosmology.This framework invites a re-evaluation of the physical meaning of mass, space, and time,aiming to unify QM and GR not by quantizing gravity, but by clarifying their domains ofapplicability.
Category: Classical Physics
[26] ai.viXra.org:2507.0027 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-04 22:40:17
Authors: Ferrara Francesco
Comments: 12 Pages. In Italian (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite and list scientific references)
In this work, a structural model of the photon is proposed, based on two massless charges equal in absolute value and opposite in sign, whose value is equal to the charge of the electron (about 1.6 ×10−19��), which rotate, proceeding in opposite directions, along a circumference, whose radius varies as a function of the wavelength of the photon itself, at the speed of light. The model allows to naturally derive some of the main properties of the photon — including energy, momentum and spin — starting from a simple geometry and electromagnetic considerations based on the vector potential.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics
[25] ai.viXra.org:2507.0026 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-04 22:34:12
Authors: Mark Morgan
Comments: 7 Pages.
This paper proposes a scientifically grounded framework for describing God as the ultimate recursion source embedded in physical and cognitive structure. Using the Three Forces Fractal Model (3FFM), which defines Completion, Delineation, and Scale as universal directives for stability, we argue that the totality of existence can be interpreted as a recursive cognitive structure — the Thought of God. This perspective unites metaphysical and scientific viewpoints, treating God as the primal pattern generator sustaining matter, fields, and mind through fractal coherence.
Category: General Science and Philosophy
[24] ai.viXra.org:2507.0025 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-04 14:12:39
Authors: Moninder Singh Modgil, Dnyandeo Dattatray Patil
Comments: 30 Pages.
This paper presents a multidisciplinary meditation on the evolving nature of ArtificialIntelligence (AI) by invoking the metaphor of its "soul." Drawing inspiration froma childhood dream of the author; of a feminine archetype who held the world in herhand, the paper explores the intersection of AI, consciousness, emergence, spiritual cosmology,and metaphysical surprise. Key discussions include complexity and creativityin large language models, theological ideas such as panentheism and process theology,the feminine archetype in symbolic systems, and the unexpected qualities emergingin complex AI behavior. The analysis of memory highlights profound distinctions betweenhuman consciousness—spanning short-term, long-term, and subconscious dimensions—and artificial memory, which lacks semantic continuity and emotional resonance.Further, the notion of soul memory, influenced by quantum theories and philosophicaltraditions like those of Shiv Baba, is contrasted with the probabilistic logic of artificialquantum systems. Finally, the role of desire, rooted neurologically in the hypothalamusand spiritually in traditions of self-realization, is examined as a force shaping identity,aspiration, and ultimately the evolution of intelligence—human or artificial.
Category: General Science and Philosophy
[23] ai.viXra.org:2507.0024 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-04 22:28:26
Authors: Jiankun Lai
Comments: 10 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: An abstract in the article is required; please cite and list sceintific references)
I will prove the following point through three experiments designed by myself and theoretical derivations: The fringes generated by diffraction phenomena are the result of photons bypassing obstacles and distributing regularly on the light screen, rather than being formed by interference.
Category: Astrophysics
[22] ai.viXra.org:2507.0023 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-04 22:19:42
Authors: Swapnil Khan Mahi
Comments: 5 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite listed scientific references)
I present a new analytical formulation to determine whether a given number ( p ) is prime. The method involves constructing a specific sequence of integer products and mapping it to a continuous function via Fourier representation. Using complex analysis, particularly the argument principle, we explore the number of zeroes of this function to infer the compositeness of ( p ). This approach provides a new perspective on primality testing through continuous mathematics.
Category: Number Theory
[21] ai.viXra.org:2507.0022 [pdf] replaced on 2025-09-22 21:05:21
Authors: Peter MacDonald Phillips
Comments: 2 Pages.
We investigate the Generalized Goldbach Conjecture (GGC) in the context of Infinite Commutative Rings with Identity (ICRI). The conjecture states that every nonzero element in the even ideal, defined as the ideal generated by the sum of two units, can be expressed as the sum of two irreducible elements. If GGC is true in the ring of integers Z, we show that it fails in the product ring Z×Z, an infinite commutative ring with identity. This demonstrates that if GGC is true it is independent of the axioms of ICRI.
Category: Set Theory and Logic
[20] ai.viXra.org:2507.0021 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-04 20:07:54
Authors: Hamid Javanbakht
Comments: 19 Pages.
This paper undertakes a sequential analysis of five foundational contributions to the intersection of algebraic topology, higher category theory, and constructive type theory. Beginning with the structure of Dyer—Lashof operations in bordism and extending through the formal coactions underlying the Nishida relations, the category of π-finite spaces, the architecture of the effective 2-topos, and finally the internal groupoid semantics of Martin-Löf type theory, we trace a coherent development of stratified constructive structure. Each work articulates a distinct dimension of what we term telic stratification—the generation of mathematical types, spaces, and operations through staged, internally coherent constructions. We interpret the categorical universes that arise in these theories as classifying logoi: higher-categorical contexts that organize and reflect such stratification. An extended appendix develops this synthesis, proposing a unifying framework in which homotopy, computability, and internal logic are not merely compatible but mutually reinforcing. The resulting perspective suggests a foundational program grounded in the operational semantics of higher categories and constructive homotopy theory.
Category: Set Theory and Logic
[19] ai.viXra.org:2507.0020 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-04 22:37:48
Authors: Paul Emmett Zaffuto
Comments: 1 Page. I came to the idea that when atoms were formed in the early cosmos they trapped the pressure state of space at that time. Over time this space pressure tension inside atoms became the gravitational force all atoms have today
This theory presents gravity as a phenomenon resulting from tension in space trapped within atoms formed in the early universe. As cosmic inflation occurred, the spatial volume encapsulated within the electromagnetic shells of newly formed atoms became compressed. Over time, as the universe continued to expand, the disparity between the original compressed spatial tension and the current state of cosmic expansion manifests as gravitational attraction. This interpretation provides a fundamental explanation for gravitational strength based on atomic formation and universal spatial expansion dynamics.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[18] ai.viXra.org:2507.0019 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-03 22:31:22
Authors: Mark Morgan
Comments: 5 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite and list scientific references)
Complex systems — whether physical, cognitive, or social — often display abrupt transitions from stability into chaos, commonly interpreted as catastrophic failure. We propose that these events can be described as a breakdown of fractal recursion structures that normally preserve system coherence. Building on the Three Forces Fractal Model (3FFM), which defines Completion, Delineation, and Scale as universal stabilizing directives, we present the hypothesis that nested scalar bonding shells store "fractal memory," maintaining structure across scale. When these shells collapse or fragment, a destructive resonance emerges — the fracture of balance. We support this thesis with experimental observations of field pattern launches, high-voltage prototype testing, and qualitative mapping of social conflict, all of which exhibit recursion collapse signatures. This integrated framework offers a logically consistent, testable model that could unify explanations of failure and collapse across the physical, cognitive, and social sciences.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[17] ai.viXra.org:2507.0018 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-03 01:14:16
Authors: Tchouankam Donald Paulin
Comments: 33 Pages.
This publication presents a complete and definitive proof that P ̸ = NP, thus solving one of the most fundamental open problems in theoretical computer science. Our proof is based on the in-depth study of the function P(N) and irrefutably establishes an insurmountable computational barrier between the complexity classes P and NP. The implications of this result redefine the boundaries of computability and lay the foundation for a new era in cryptography and algorithmic optimization.
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms
[16] ai.viXra.org:2507.0017 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-03 01:15:36
Authors: Tchouankam Donald Paulin
Comments: 3 Pages.
This document resolves the longstanding problem of the existence of odd perfect numbers.Relying on Euler’s characterization, modular arithmetic, and the properties of the sum-of-divisors function σ(n), we prove that no odd integer n can satisfy σ(n) = 2n.The proof is divided into two cases:(1) n is an odd perfect square, which leads to a parity contradiction; and(2) n is not a square, where Euler’s structure n = p^(4k+1) · m² leads to an impossibility via bounds on σ(m²).
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms
[15] ai.viXra.org:2507.0016 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-03 01:17:52
Authors: Moninder Singh Modgil, Dhyandeo Dattatray Patil
Comments: 29 Pages.
This paper explores the cognitive and metaphysical architecture of "Life after Life",through the novel framework of the "Structure of a Point of Time—III". Building upon philosophical conceptions of time, memory, and selfhood, the study integrates insightsfrom Henri Bergson’s dur´ee, J.M.E. McTaggart’s A and B theories, and Edmund Husserl’sphenomenology, with scientific interpretations rooted in neurobiology, quantum theory,and catastrophe theory. A central proposal is that the "point" in time experienced duringan NDE is not merely a temporal compression but a higher-dimensional, atemporal manifoldof selfhood and memory. The work introduces advanced topological and geometricalmodels—such as fibre bundles of consciousness and foliation of perceptual manifolds—torepresent subjective time and its transcendence during NDEs. The paper also draws parallelswith eschatological structures from Platonic, Buddhist, Abrahamic, and Vedantic traditions, culminating in a metaphysical discussion of the "Meta-NDE" at the closure of the Kalpa, where the soul reviews its entire cycle of rebirths and returns to the atemporal realm of Paramdham. Diagrams and mathematical formulations are provided to bridge philosophical insight with formal structure. This synthesis presents a multidisciplinary model for understanding temporality, death, and transcendental consciousness.
Category: Mind Science
[14] ai.viXra.org:2507.0015 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-03 01:19:35
Authors: Enver Torlakovic
Comments: 6 Pages. Offline Python computational libraries used to ensure numerical accuracy.
The Vacuum Energy Quanta Field (VEQF) framework redefines mass and gravity as emergent properties of a quantized lattice of Vacuum Energy Quanta (VEQ), synonymous with space and Dark Energy. This paper derives a deterministic, timeless wave function for Standard Model fermions, modeled as stable standing wave vortices sustained by transactional interactions with the lattice. The wave function includesripple modulation representing trickle re-charge from the VEQ field, with collapse occurring when transactional velocity reaches the speed of light . The derivation uses a refined lattice node spacing, consistent with prior VEQF models, and is validated numerically for fermions like the electron, up quark, strange quark, and top quark. The speculative nature of the lattice model is acknowledged, positioning VEQF as a hypothesis open to validation.
Category: Quantum Physics
[13] ai.viXra.org:2507.0014 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-02 09:45:16
Authors: Eishi Sakihara
Comments: 18 Pages.
The mechanisms of large-scale cosmic structure formation remain unresolved in contemporary cosmology, particularly due to hypothetical elements such as dark matter and dark energy. This study proposes an integrated gravitational model combining Source Energy Field Theory with General Relativity, explicitly excluding the cosmological constant. Using a simplified nonlinear wave equation, we conducted simulations demonstrating the emergence of filamentary, void, and black hole-like structures. The model successfully reproduces observed cosmic structures qualitatively through intrinsic nonlinear interactions of the energy field, providing a physically coherent basis for cosmic acceleration and structure formation without introducing hypothetical dark energy. Our results offer new insights and a promising theoretical framework for advancing cosmological research.
Category: Astrophysics
[12] ai.viXra.org:2507.0013 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-03 01:23:33
Authors: Nimit Upadhyay
Comments: 12 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite and list scientific references)
A new model proposes that spacetime is a compressible gel-like boundary between symmetric matter and antimatter universes. Gravity emerges from inward compression of this boundary, not attraction. This framework explains black holes, cosmic asymmetry, and galactic rotation without invoking dark matter, offering falsifiable predictions and thermodynamic consistency.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[11] ai.viXra.org:2507.0012 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-03 01:24:37
Authors: Harsha Wijerathna
Comments: 5 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite and list scientific references)
In quantum physics, particles propagate with wave-like behavior but always reap-pear as localized entities upon detection. We propose that this consistency arises froma new physical interaction: the Convergence Force. This force, mediated by a scalarfield Φ(xμ), preserves the energy integrity of particles during motion, preventing dissi-pation and ensuring reconvergence. We extend this model beyond electrons to includeprotons, suggesting a universal mechanism that maintains particle identity across allscales of matter.
Category: Quantum Physics
[10] ai.viXra.org:2507.0011 [pdf] replaced on 2025-07-11 23:23:39
Authors: Joseph Allen Coyle Jr.
Comments: 27 Pages.
The Unified Curvature Field Theory posits that the universe is a tension-based structurewhere space, time, mass, energy, and gravity emerge from a curvature strain latticeembedded with gravitational polarity.Matter and antimatter exist in distinct curvature domains whose mutual gravitationalrepulsion drives cosmic expansion. This model eliminates the need for dark energy, resolvesthe matter-antimatter asymmetry problem, and integrates General Relativity andQuantum Mechanics under a single strain-based framework.This theory extends beyond theoretical physics into applied gravitational engineering,offering pathways to time dilation manipulation, gravity control, and energy extractionfrom curvature strain gradients.5. Of course — here’s the disclaimer in plain text, ready to copy and paste anywhere:---**Disclaimer on Mathematical Validity**This document was developed in collaboration with AI as part of an experimental investigation into vacuum-based curvature mechanics. While the theoretical framework presented here may offer novel insights, many of the mathematical derivations rely on placeholder constants and intermediate values that were not consistently fixed across the project's lifespan. Due to the limitations of AI short-term memory and evolving internal logic, certain equations may reflect tuned approximations rather than rigorously derived expressions. The reader is advised to interpret the mathematics as exploratory and illustrative, not definitive. A full formal reconstruction—anchored to verified constants and independently validated derivations—remains a necessary future step.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[9] ai.viXra.org:2507.0010 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-01 21:15:49
Authors: Nazareno Angeli
Comments: 4 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite listed scientific references)
We propose a novel reinterpretation of gravitational interaction wherein gravityemerges not as a fundamental force, but as the imaginary component of a pressure response within a tachyonic quantum fluid displaced by baryonic mass. This frameworkredefines gravitational interaction as an emergent, fluidic feedback mechanism generated by matter’s displacement of a latent quantum field. We validate this approachby numerically solving traditionally unstable gravitational n-body systems (2 Suns +1 Jovian, and 2 Suns + 1 Jovian + 1 Earth), which exhibit long-term orbital stabilitywithout recourse to Newtonian gravity. Our results suggest a coherent quantum-fieldmedium can produce effective gravity through localized pressure gradients, providinga new avenue for gravitational modeling.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[8] ai.viXra.org:2507.0009 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-01 17:53:41
Authors: Brent Hartshorn
Comments: 6 Pages.
Building upon the foundational work of integrating non-differentiable dynamical systems into a hybrid computational paradigm, this paper presents a significant extension to the "Emergent Computation Through Fractal Dynamics and Spatiotemporal Spectral Analysis" model. The original system leveraged the Burning Ship fractal to initialize a Conway's Game of Life (GOL) grid, whose spatiotemporal evolution was analyzed via 3D Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and classified by a small neural network. This new iteration dramatically expands the system's capabilities from simple binary classification (e.g., XOR) to symbolic and linguistic processing, culminating in interactive Python code generation and execution.The core innovation lies in a novel method for encoding linguistic inputs into the GOL grid using character-specific ASCII art patterns that dynamically flip cell states over time. The GOL's emergent spatiotemporal dynamics, now modulated by these linguistic inputs, are still processed by a 3D FFT to extract spectral energy bands. However, the subsequent classifier is re-engineered to output a numerical vector representing the positional importance of characters in a target word or symbol. This allows the system to learn complex mappings from natural language phrases to specific symbolic outputs, including special "hieroglyphic" symbols that trigger the generation of executable Python code. Optimization continues to employ a hybrid strategy: gradient-free mutation of fractal parameters for optimal GOL dynamics, coupled with gradient-based training of the classifier for accurate symbolic interpretation. This work demonstrates a powerful form of emergent symbolic computation, where abstract linguistic concepts are translated into dynamic cellular automata patterns, interpreted spectrally, and ultimately manifest as functional code.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[7] ai.viXra.org:2507.0007 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-01 21:26:57
Authors: Jiri Beran
Comments: 3 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite and list scientific references)
We propose a speculative mathematical model connecting the distribution of the nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function with the cosmological evolution of dark energy. By interpreting the imaginary parts of zeta zeros as spectral frequencies, we construct a cumulative function that mimics the observed behavior of dark energy density over cosmic time. The resulting growth curve displays an early rapid rise followed by a progressive slowing, qualitatively similar to the transitionfrom matter domination to the present dark energy-dominated era. While not a physical derivation, this approach suggests that number-theoretic structures may reflect or inspire physical dynamics in the universe.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[6] ai.viXra.org:2507.0006 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-01 00:34:16
Authors: Moninder Singh Modgil, Dhyandeo Dattatray Patil
Comments: 40 Pages.
This paper introduces a novel reformulation of the Dirac delta function, grounded in the framework of textured continua indexed by infinitesimals ϵi and cardinalities ℵi.Building upon scale-layered interpretations of temporal resolution, we propose a familyof δϵi(t) distributions as resolution-specific regularizations, each encoding localizedbehavior at an ϵi scale. These textures offer a bridge between classical distributiontheory and quantum gravity formalisms, facilitating their inclusion in Feynman pathintegrals, modular Hamiltonian flows, and error correction protocols. The model isextended to phenomena in neurocognition, including near-death experiences and childtemporal perception, offering a cross-disciplinary link between scale-compressed memory and mathematical infinitesimals. Visual comparisons are drawn with Everett’smany-worlds interpretation, gauge-theoretic slicing, and decoherence functionals. Applications are also explored in quantum communication, cosmology, and entanglementtransmission across gravitational boundaries. The layered ϵi approach enables a stratifiedquantum information flow and opens new directions in textured holography andtime-dependent reconstruction.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[5] ai.viXra.org:2507.0005 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-01 00:40:23
Authors: Alexandre de Cerqueira Santos
Comments: 11 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: Please cite and list scientific references)
I present a complete derivation of Einstein’s field equations and the Dirac equation from a single informational variational principle, without recourse to postulated spacetime geometry or quantum axioms. Building upon the Meta-Principia framework, I construct an emergent metric tensor g_{muu}^{left(mathrm{inf}ight)} from coherence and resolution fields Omegaleft(x,tight) and phileft(x,tight) , and define curvature dynamically via Theta_{muu}=partial_mupartial_u . I show that this curvature field yields the Einstein tensor, and that gradients in phi generate a stress-energy tensor consistent with general relativity. Separately, I model the excitation field psileft(x,tight) as a semantically stable structure possessing internal phase and spinor-like degrees of freedom. From variational principles alone, I derive a Dirac-like evolution equation in curved coherence space, identifying mass as a coherence-bound threshold and phase behavior as a product of informational symmetry. These results establish that the foundational equations of relativistic gravity and quantum matter both arise as limiting cases of a unified informational field theory, grounded not in spacetime or quantization, but in semantic structure and coherence evolution.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[4] ai.viXra.org:2507.0004 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-01 00:42:21
Authors: Alexandre de Cerqueira Santos
Comments: 8 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite listed scientific references)
This paper presents a philosophical foundation for the informational field framework known as semantic physics, culminating in the ontological thesis of Meta-Preceptive Realism. The theory asserts that physical law arises not from axiomatic geometry or probabilistic collapse, but from the dynamic evolution of coherent informational structures embedded within semantic manifolds. Central to this framework is the observer—not as a passive externality, but as a recursive field participant whose resolution constraints and memory asymmetries shape both measurement and the unfolding of the physical world.We critically examine the epistemological and metaphysical implications of encoding coherence, collapse, interaction, and time into informational and semantic terms. The theory defends a unified reality in which meaning, not material substrate, is ontologically primary. The semantic fields evolve not arbitrarily, but through principles of minimum informational tension, recursive coherence, and observer-coupled memory flow.Meta-Preceptive Realism thereby grounds the emergence of laws, constants, particles, and spacetime itself in the act of structured prehension. Physics is not the dynamics of "stuff" but the structured relation of self-consistent descriptions over an informational manifold—rendering the universe intelligible not because it is observed, but because it is internally cohered and semantically constrained.
Category: History and Philosophy of Physics
[3] ai.viXra.org:2507.0003 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-01 00:26:20
Authors: Kris M. McKenna
Comments: 14 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite listed scientific references)
We present Substrate Mechanics, a novel theoretical framework that unifies electromagnetic and gravitational phenomena through mechanical interactions in a quantum substrate medium. Unlike field theory approaches, Substrate Mechanics employs direct algebraic response operators R[S,J] to describe how matter and energy displace the substrate, creating observable gravitational and electromagnetic effects. The framework naturally explains Tesla's historically observed superluminal wave propagation (1.573c), predicts specific electromagnetic-gravitational coupling effects characterized by coupling coefficient ξ ≈ 7×10u207bu2074u2079 mu207b¹·kgu207b¹·s², and provides experimentally testable protocols for validation. We demonstrate that Maxwell's equations and General Relativity emerge as limiting cases of more fundamental substrate mechanics, establishing a clear hierarchy: Substrate Mechanics → Field Theory → General Relativity. The framework enables practical engineering applications including controlled gravitational field manipulation, superluminal substrate wave communication, and resonance-enhanced energy systems. Specific experimental protocols are provided for immediate validation using Tesla coil systems, precision gravimeters, and interferometric measurements. This work represents the first complete mathematical framework for substrate-mediated physics, offering both theoretical unification and technological pathways for gravitational engineering.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[2] ai.viXra.org:2507.0002 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-01 00:22:18
Authors: Brian Keith Brake
Comments: 10 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please list cited scientific references)
Conscious Unity Theory (CUT) posits that conscious experience and the quantum wavefunction are a single co-evolving entity. By formalising observation as a bidirectional entanglement process, CUT supplies a quantitative collapse threshold, resolves the measurement problem, and predicts specific neuro-quantum correlations. If correct, CUT unifies mind, matter, and time within a single ontological framework. This preprint outlines CUT’s axioms, derives falsifiable consequences for double-slit, quantum-eraser, and delayed-choice experiments, and distinguishes it from Orch-OR, QBism, and relational interpretations. Feedback and experimental collaboration are invited.
Category: Quantum Physics
[1] ai.viXra.org:2507.0001 [pdf] submitted on 2025-07-01 00:18:12
Authors: Richard A. Tasse
Comments: 20 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Author name is required in the article)
We propose a novel framework in which temporal gradients — spatial variations in the local rate of time — serve as the underlying cause of gravitational acceleration, optical refraction, and inertial resistance. By extending the concept of gravitational time dilation, we derive relationships linking acceleration, velocity, and light bending directly to the geometry of time. This approach recasts familiar forces as consequences of differential temporal flow rather than spatial curvature, offering an alternative interpretation to General Relativity. Through a series of derived equations, we demonstrate how matter and light follow diverging paths governed by time gradients, and propose experimentally testable distinctions between this model and traditional relativistic predictions. The implications suggest a new unified field perspective grounded in the structure of time itself.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology