| ai.viXra.org > All Submission Categories > 2609 |
|
 |
| ai.viXra.org > All Submission Categories > 2609 |
|
|
[37] ai.viXra.org:2609.0037 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-16 10:18:38
Authors: Vitaliy Boltian
Comments: 3 Pages.
This paper proposes an alternative paradigm of mathematical analysis based on the interaction of physical quantities rather than an abstract numerical continuum. The concept of a discrete scale factor $M$ and inter-system transition coefficients via Gudermannian mappings are introduced, rendering the classical substitution of variables an anachronism. Exact analytical operational formulas for differentiation and integration are obtained, a physics-scale-based proof of Fermat's Last Theorem is presented, and new empirical models for elliptic integrals of the first and second kind are derived. For the first time, a real quantum wave function based on split-complex (dual) numbers is proposed, and a new form of the stationary Schrödinger equation, free from imaginary mysticism, is derived.
Category: Mathematical Physics
[36] ai.viXra.org:2609.0036 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-16 20:34:26
Authors: Pedro A. Kubitschek Homem de Carvalho
Comments: 7 Pages.
Can gravitational geometry arise as a collective response without postulating a fundamentalgraviton? We investigate this possibility within the Principium Geometricum (PG) program, inwhich local sectors are restrictions of a global state and toroidal phase and breathing variablesare proposed as underlying degrees of freedom. A local normalization Φ = ZΘ yields K = K0Z2and β = β0Z, preserving β2/K. An exact change-of-variable test shows, however, that thisidentity alone produces no new gravitational observable: when all gradient terms are retained, Z cancels from the physical potential Ψ = βΘ. A physical toroidal mechanism must therefore modify the source energy or introduce independently derived interactions. Conditional on universal clock coupling, the source is total energy, and a static gapless sector yields a Poisson equation and inverse-square acceleration. A reciprocal exponential metric reproduces the static weak-field coefficients γ = β = 1, but its exterior Einstein tensor is nonzero at nonlinear order. The construction thus provides an effective framework and a precise set of consistency tests, rather than a completed quantum theory of gravity. Its central open problem is to derive source energies, constitutive coefficients, and gravitational dynamics from the same microscopic theory. A fundamental graviton is not assumed; emergent graviton-like excitations are neither derived nor excluded.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[35] ai.viXra.org:2609.0035 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-14 20:17:56
Authors: Tatarov Evgeniy
Comments: 19 Pages.
This paper presents the Dynamic Vacuum Relaxation Theory (DVRT) — a complete,self-contained relativistic theory of gravity in which dark matter phenomenology and cos-mic acceleration arise not from undiscovered particles or fine-tuned constants, but fromthe quantum structure of the de Sitter vacuum. By exploring the spontaneous breaking of conformal symmetry SO(2, 4) → SO(1, 3) at the Hubble scale, we demonstrate that a scalar dilaton field Θ and a special conformal vector field Aµ emerge naturally as geometricdegrees of freedom. The scalar field is identified as an effective hydrodynamic condensate of fundamental fermionic fields on the dS4/CF T3 boundary. We derive all parameters from first principles, including the Milgrom acceleration scale a0 = cH0/6 ≈ 1.135 × 10−10 m/s2 and the universal coupling constant β = 1/6. The theory reproduces flat galaxy rotationcurves, the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation, and the Radial Acceleration Relation without freeparameters, while passing all Solar System, binary pulsar, and strong-field precision tests.Unique falsifiable predictions for upcoming cosmological surveys are discussed.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[34] ai.viXra.org:2609.0034 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-14 19:59:05
Authors: J. W. McGreevy
Comments: (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please remove all empty pages and cite listed scientific references)
This monograph presents the formal foundations of the Thermodynamics of Arithmetic Action(TAA), a unified framework wherein the macroscopic spacetime continuum, general relativity, and quantum gauge fields emerge as expressions of a single underlying Grothendieck Motive evaluated over the global adele ring AQ. We demonstrate that the non-renormalizability of quantum gravity is a coordinate-chart artifact born from the false assumption of infinite continuity in the ultraviolet. By regularizing the pre-Planck lattice as a characteristic p algebraic variety operating at the maximumgeometric packing density, we show that data-packet crowding forces a 5-bit Maximum DistanceSeparable (MDS) error deficit. This unpayable local information debt triggers a topological phase transition, deforming a flat rational curve (g = 0) into a genus-5 Riemann surface stabilized by a hidden SO(4) momentum space symmetry. Physical constants—including the speed of light, the gravitational constant, andthe Yang-Mills mass gap—are derived explicitly as transcendental periods of this motive. Finally, we establish that the non-trivial zeroes of the Riemann zeta function act as absolute causal waveguides, clamping the running of the gravitational coupling constant smoothly to zero and regularizing high-energy loop divergences without infinite counterterms.
Category: Mathematical Physics
[33] ai.viXra.org:2609.0033 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-14 14:25:49
Authors: Arieh Sher
Comments: 8 Pages.
We investigate the kinematic and morphological properties of disk and spiral galaxies withinthe Pivot Universe (PU) theoretical framework. In this model, the persistent flattening of galacticrotation curves is attributed to an asymptotic background spacetime frame-dragging field (Ω0)induced by the cosmic Kerr pivot, eliminating the need for cold dark matter (CDM) halos. Bycoupling the local baryonic mass distribution to this background metric acceleration field (a0), theBaryonic Tully-Fisher Relation (V 4flat ∝ Ga0Mb) is derived directly from first principles.Furthermore, we examine galactic morphology resulting from continuous ballistic mass ejectionfrom rotating antipodal nozzles anchored to central supermassive black holes (SMBHs). Whileinitial formulations assumed Archimedean spirals (r ≈ bθ), we demonstrate that transitioningto a logarithmic spiral geometry (r = aebθ) is physically required to resolve the outer windingproblem and preserve self-similarity. We show that a logarithmic geometry naturally couples withan asymptotically flat rotation curve (vϕ = const), as the required angular dragging frequencyscales as ω(r) ∝ 1/r.Analytical rotation curves and structural models are derived and benchmarked against empiricalobservations for the Milky Way, the grand-design spiral NGC 5457 (M101), the barred lenticulargalaxy NGC 2787, and the Whirlpool Galaxy (M51). Finally, we introduce a non-linear tidalperturbation correction term, δr(θ), demonstrating how external gravitational interactions withsatellite dwarf galaxies (such as NGC 5474) break intrinsic m = 2 antipodal symmetry to producethe observed lopsidedness and arm elongation in M101.Keywords: Galaxies: kinematics and dynamics — Galaxies: spiral — Galaxies: structure — Cosmology: theory — Metric frame-dragging — Tully-Fisher relatio
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[32] ai.viXra.org:2609.0032 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-14 19:53:15
Authors: Arieh Sher
Comments: 8 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite all listed scientific references)
We present an exact mathematical formulation of cosmological orbital kinematics in a rotating Kerrspacetime anchored by an ultra-massive central core of mass MP = 7.82 × 1053 kg. In this configuration:1. The outer event horizon is situated at r+ = 122.764 Gly, and the cosmological matter disk is locatedstrictly outside the event horizon spanning radii r ∈ [122.764 Gly, 175.6 Gly].2. The Milky Way is located in the immediate exterior vicinity of the horizon at RMW = 123.3265 Gly,corresponding to a radial clearance of ∆r = +0.5625 Gly (562.5 Mly or a 0.46% fractional margin).3. The cosmic trajectory is traced continuously from the central Pivot (r → 0) up to the Milky Wayalong a self-similar, scale-invariant logarithmic spiral r(ϕ) = r0ebϕ.4. We demonstrate that the logarithmic spiral (and not the Archimedean spiral) trajectory can bemathematically equivalent to a geodesic; however, this is correct only in an effective flowingfluid metric as formulated in Sher (2017), whereas it is not valid as a geodesic in pure vacuumKerr or Schwarzschild spacetime.5. We enforce the strict dynamical equivalence condition vN (L) = vKerr, where vN (L) ≡pGMP /L isthe modified Newtonian velocity evaluated along the cumulative worldline arc length L, and vKerris the coordinate frame-dragging velocity at radial separation RMW.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[31] ai.viXra.org:2609.0031 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-12 18:40:58
Authors: Brent Hartshorn
Comments: 13 Pages.
Robotic vision policies trained on photorealistic synthetic imagery fail when the real world presentsa texture, a shadow or a reflection the renderer never produced. We argue the fault is the representation rather than the realism: a policy that consumes photographs must learn to ignore appearance, when it could instead be handed a representation from which appearance has already been removed. We describe a chained architecture in which a perception stage converts camera input into a non-photorealistic line drawing paired with a semantic map, and a control policy consumes only that abstraction. Decoupling perception from control allows each to be trained independently [4], and abstract intermediate representations such as sketches are known to preserve spatial grounding while discarding visual distraction [5].The contribution is an open simulator that makes the architecture testable end to end: it generatesthe aligned multi-modal corpus the interface requires — photorealistic, line art, object index and metric depth from one viewpoint — carries a physically grounded robot with an optional rigid-body contact backend, imports externally authored scenes and assets [3], and executes the real control firmware against the simulated plant at two distinct fidelities: a value-level seam fast enough for the training loop, and an offline register-level gate in which the same commands are driven through emulated I2 C peripherals, H-bridges and a serial lidar protocol [11]. The second catches a class of defect the first cannot represent, and we quantify the divergence between them. We report a perception result on 479 samples, a multi-label scene-description head trained from labels the renderer already knew, and a control policy cloned from a privileged expert that reaches its goal in 8/8 held-out scenes while seeing only the abstraction.Every number is reported beside the score of doing nothing, and we record the two hypotheses about thecontrol bottleneck that measurement destroyed, together with two measurement choices the register-level gate itself invalidated.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[30] ai.viXra.org:2609.0030 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-13 00:57:38
Authors: Brent Hartshorn
Comments: 20 Pages.
Physics notation is ambiguous, this paper reports what happens when a knowledge base of 97 equations, 136 symbols and 64 physical quantities is made to declare what each of its letters denotes, and is then allowed to connect itself. Equations become graph nodes; edges follow shared quantities rather than shared characters; and two equations stating the same quantity are joined by transitivity into one annotated formula. Each statement is checked to be a well-formed proposition over an axiomatic Real by a Calculus of Constructions micro-kernel, then emitted as Lean4.
Category: Mathematical Physics
[29] ai.viXra.org:2609.0029 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-13 13:13:00
Authors: Kerényi József
Comments: 6 Pages.
We propose a unified phenomenological model based on relativistic gravitational impedance, Zeff = eta * G / c. The central observation is that the longitudinal mass flux Ig = d(gamma m0)/dt, proportional to the scalar product v dot a, defines a specific potential Phi_g = Zeff * Ig whose sign is set by v dot a. Longitudinal acceleration (v dot a > 0) corresponds to energy release with equation of state w -> -1 (dark energy phase), while deceleration (v dot a < 0) corresponds to absorption with w -> 0 (dark matter phase). The bare impedance Zg = G/c gives rho_g ~ 4e-36 J/m3 ~ 1e-27 rho_Lambda for the Milky Way, requiring amplification eta ~ 1e27 for cosmic acceleration and eta ~ 1e6 for the MOND acceleration a0 ~ 1.2e-10 m/s2, parametrized as a0 = eta * (Delta V)^2 / R_H. In the low-acceleration limit we derive v_c^4 = G M a0 from equilibrium v_c^2 = Phi_g. The model provides a single language for both dark components with falsifiable predictions for lensing near jets and Gaia streaming.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[28] ai.viXra.org:2609.0028 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-11 20:26:42
Authors: Prakash Vaithyanathan
Comments: 11 Pages.
Mobile phone connections drop for two related reasons: a narrow mmWave beam gets blocked, or a link of any kind simply fades out because the phone has moved into a weak-coverage spot. Both problems are handled today by mechanisms that only react after the signal has already gone bad. This paper describes one small, fixed, dedicated hardware controller — not a piece of software — that watches the ordinary signal-quality numbers a phone or base station already measures, and raises a warning before either kind of failure happens. We show, on two separate synthetic examples, that the same fixed controller gives an early warning before both the mmWave beam failure and the general radio link failure mechanisms would fire on their own. We explain in plain terms why this only works well as dedicated hardware and not as software running on a shared processor. All results here are from simulated data; the next step is testing on real network measurement logs.
Category: Digital Signal Processing
[27] ai.viXra.org:2609.0027 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-12 13:23:14
Authors: Fabrizio Vassallo
Comments: 32 Pages.
A 2020 note [1] observed that the self-similar set F the positive integers n forwhich n − 1, in base 3, uses only the digits 0 and 2 satises a telescoping identitythat, read as a xed-point equation, assigns the divergent sum S = Pn∈F n the value−1/5. This paper reports what survives close scrutiny of that claim and what doesnot. We show rigorously, via the self-similarity F = 3F ∪(3F −2) and the functionalequation this induces on the theta function Θ(t) = Pn∈F e−nt, that the arithmeticzeta function ζF (s) = Pn∈F n−s satises ζF (0) = 0 and hence ζF (−1) = 0: the zeta-regularized value of S is 0, not −1/5. We then construct the hierarchical graph Gkthat the same self-similarity naturally generates, obtain its Laplacian spectrum inclosed form by an exact backbone/localized-state decomposition (veried indepen-dently, both analytically and numerically, up to k = 6), and show that its spectralzeta function satises ζGk (0) = Nk − 1 identically for every connected graph on Nkvertices a positive, divergent integer sequence of exact integer values, one per k ruling out the specic identication made in the exploratory work, though notevery conceivable regularization built from this same sequence (Section 3.3 discussesa dierent one that still produces −1/5, and why it is not the spectral zeta func-tion of any single Gk). This directly falsies an intermediate claim, made in theexploratory work this paper grew out of, that identied −1/5 with this spectral zetafunction. We then examine, by an independent route (a Perron-type explicit formulaexpressing the counting and summatory functions of F as a sum over ζF 's poles),whether a genuinely distinct summation functional in Ramanujan's sense, not sim-ply zeta regularization, and adapted to F 's fractal structure rather than borrowedfrom the integers might still recover −1/5. Conditional on a growth estimate wedo not fully establish, this route shows that no constant of any kind survives in theasymptotics of F 's counting or summatory function, conrming by a second, inde-pendent method that 0, not −1/5, is what F 's own structure naturally produces;we verify the underlying machinery against an exact, parameter-free identity forcedby A(3m) = 2m. One loophole is identied and left open a Ramanujan-type sum-mation of F 's enumeration index, rather than its values, trivially recovers −1/2 butarguably encodes nothing about F specically and we explain why resurgence andalien calculus, sometimes proposed as a further alternative, have no natural pointof contact with this problem. Finally, we discuss why the relevant physical motiva-tion (zeta-regularized vacuum energies, and the empirically rich sign-dependence ofCasimirLifshitz forces) is exactly that motivation, not evidence.
Category: Mathematical Physics
[26] ai.viXra.org:2609.0026 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-10 20:03:29
Authors: Zhongyang Dong
Comments: 5 Pages.
As a direct sequel to Emergent Cosmology of a Two-Phase Planar-Invasion Bubble Universe [1],this paper establishes a self-sustaining global multiverse model—encompassing a grand Global Universe composed of seven initial seed universes—from a "Creator’s-Eye View" of physical aesthetics and minimalism. To avoid ambiguity, it is explicitly emphasized that all bubble universes discussed and analyzed hereafter strictly refer to their iteratively evolved generations produced throughmulti-generational collisions, rather than the initial seed universes. We formulate the core physical axioms, a topological fault-tolerance law, and a dark energy conservation mechanism: the primordial Big Bang mechanism permanently and individually ceased across the seven initial child universes in strict accordance with the Second Law of Thermodynamics, serving as Newton’s Prime Mover with non-uniform initial expansions seeding subsequent cosmic rotation; global particle universality ensures that all iterative bubble universes share identical microscopic physics; apparent localdark energy acceleration is resolved as the kinetic energy projection of topological potential energy transferred from degenerate ground-state universes (SDead); and the Prime-7 topological law (N0 = 7) together with evolutionary scale sequences ({10,15,40,100}) guarantees a dynamic equilibrium (Neq >7) and a strictly zero extinction limit (limt→∞ P(N(t) = 0) ≡0). Finally, we reconcile this framework with Newton, Spinoza, and ancient Chinese philosophy, concluding with a humanistaffirmation of Philosophical Optimism and cosmic grace.
Category: Astrophysics
[25] ai.viXra.org:2609.0025 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-10 16:39:28
Authors: Joseph Shaffer
Comments: 11 Pages.
Modern astrophysics is characterized by an escalating series of foundational crises, including the Hubble tension, the dark matter anomaly, and the mathematical infinities of black hole singularities. These issues stem from a reliance on general relativity's geometric framework, which presumes a dynamic, expanding spacetime metric and an invariant speed of light c. This paper introduces an alternative ontology wherein the universe is completely static. Reality is partitioned into a fundamental, non-local informational domain E comprised of Planck-scale mats under tension, and an emergent, local domain S. By treating gravity not as spacetime curvature, but as a localized deficit in global substrate tension, we demonstrate that the local velocity of light is a dynamic variable cx. This single primitive — information mats under tension—simultaneously resolves gravitational time dilation, removes the need for dark matter and dark energy, eliminates black hole singularities, and reinterprets the Big Bang as a global thermodynamic phase transition.
Category: Astrophysics
[24] ai.viXra.org:2609.0024 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-10 01:50:38
Authors: Adilson Gonçalo
Comments: 39 Pages. In Portuguese
This article constitutes the second part of the series "Space-Time" from a Realist Perspective. Continuing the analysis developed in the first part, the present work primarily aims to examine the compatibility between classical mechanicsand electromagnetism, with particular attention to the relationship between Galilean transformations and Maxwell’s equations, an issue traditionally presented as one of the main motivations for introducing Lorentz transformations and formulating the Theory of Special Relativity. It is investigated whether the alleged incompatibility between thesetheoretical frameworks necessarily arises from physical phenomena or is instead related to the way the electromagnetic and kinematic quantities involved are interpreted. To guide this analysis, principles underlying the adopted approachare first established. Based on these principles, the concept of spacetime interval in the Einsteinian relativistic formulation and its invariance under coordinate transformations are examined. Subsequently, the relationship betweenGalilean transformations and Maxwell’s equations is analyzed, including the invariance of these equations under Galilean transformations and the transformations of the electric and magnetic fields between reference frames in relative motion. In addition, the conventional interpretation of the phenomenon of magnetic induction is examined. This second part remains restricted to the theoretical, mathematical, and conceptual analysis of these issues. Thediscussion of the main experiments and observations traditionally presented as confirmations of Einsteinian relativity will be developed in the third and fourth parts of the series.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[23] ai.viXra.org:2609.0023 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-10 01:45:10
Authors: Prakash Vaithyanathan
Comments: 8 Pages.
Optical transport networks— the fiber links carrying telecom and data-center traffic— candevelop "soft failures": a slowly aging amplifier, a worn connector, or a degrading splice that gradually weakens the signal long before it fails outright. Today’s protection mechanism only reacts once the signal quality has already dropped far enough, several times in a row, to cross a fixed threshold. This paper applies Arnold’s Bifurcation Principle— the same fixed, training free method already used in our earlier work on hemodialysis vascular access, drone wind-gust safety, cardiac arrhythmia warning, and 5G/6G radio-link failure— to the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) measurement a fiber-optic network already monitors. On a single synthetic run, the method gives a meaningful early warning before the existing reactive protection-switching mechanism itself would fire, using a small, dedicated hardware controller rather than software.All results here are from simulated data; the next step is testing on real network logs.
Category: Digital Signal Processing
[22] ai.viXra.org:2609.0022 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-09 16:08:39
Authors: Idan Hackmon
Comments: 5 Pages.
We present an argument excluding finite covering systems with distinct odd moduli whose least common multiple has at most six distinct prime factors, with unrestricted prime exponents and integer residues. The argument refines capped reweighting by comparing the positive-part expectations of every auxiliary divisor count with those of a product of independent finite geometric-tail factors. For the first six odd primes the resulting rational budget is approximately 0.91015158 < 1. A digit-embedding prime-replacement lemma transfers the fixed-prime exclusion to arbitrary prime supports. The probability argument is finite: truncation preserves the small product atoms needed for the calculation, and a finite geometric sum bounds the mean. Both full statements have been verified in Lean and Aristotle, with independent checks of the returned source and unrestricted exponents. Historical priority is not asserted.
Category: Number Theory
[21] ai.viXra.org:2609.0021 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-10 01:36:40
Authors: Derrick Hiang Yaol Lim
Comments: 13 pages, 6 figures and 2 tables.
We present a classical, lumped-element circuit model of a two-level atom built around a specific conceptual claim: the two atomic energy eigenstates, represented as LC resonators with parameters fixed from the level energy and orbital magnetic moment, are exactly decoupled under the field-free Hamiltonian, which we realize as a literal open circuit between them. Coupling arises only from two distinct, independently gated perturbations: (i) an external oscillating field, modeled as a voltage source applied across the (otherwise open) inter-level branch, which produces reversible Rabi (continuous-wave drive) or Rosen—Zener (pulsed drive) dynamics; and (ii) theavailability of a radiative channel in the environment — schematically, a receptive absorber elsewhere in the universe — modeled as a resistive path to a shared radiative bath that opens and closes in time, which produces irreversible photon emission via a shared-bath coupled-mode-theory (Haus) formalism. In the absence of both perturbations the model predicts, exactly, that an isolated excited atom does not radiate. We show the emission channel comes in two dual circuit realizations, inductive (magnetic-dipole, M1) and capacitive (electric-dipole, E1) coupling to the environment, and validate both against the hydrogen 21 cm hyperfine line and the Lyman-α (2p → 1s) transition, reproducing the measured decay rates to within 1% and 0.2% respectively. We discuss the relationship of the "no absorber, no emission" baseline to Wheeler—Feynman absorber theory, to Cramer and Mead’s two-atom transactional formalism, and to the standard vacuum-fluctuation picture.
Category: History and Philosophy of Physics
[20] ai.viXra.org:2609.0020 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-09 23:54:33
Authors: Max Rempel
Comments: 51 Pages.
This book sets the esoteric tradition beside archaeology, geology and genetics, and asks how far the two accounts agree.The esoteric tradition holds that two peoples who were not human lived on this planet before us and are among our ancestors: the Lemurians of the Third Race and the Atlanteans of the Fourth. It has held this since 1888, and in older forms for much longer.Genetics has now found seven vanished peoples inside the DNA of the living. Two of them have bones and names, the Neanderthals and the Denisovans. Five have no remains at all and are known only from the stretches of DNA they left in us. This book calls all seven parahuman, and numbers them PH1 to PH7.I propose that the Denisovans are the Lemurians. Their bones lie inside the Lemuria that Blavatsky drew, and their living inheritance rises to five percent in New Guinea and Aboriginal Australia.Atlantis is less settled, and the book turns to it in the second half. The esoteric sources place it in the Atlantic and the Mediterranean. The book compares these accounts with the drying and refilling of the Mediterranean between six million and five and a third million years ago.The book then sorts the seven parahuman peoples against what the esoteric sources say an Atlantean was, using place, quantity, date and body. Three of the four can be checked against genetic data. Three peoples survive the sorting: the Neanderthals, the Veshuans of the West African Atlantic coast, and the Korimians, who are in every human being alive. None of the three is confirmed by any source, and the sorting is set out with its own limits stated, including the fact that no genetic measurement can establish whether a given people lived on this planet at all.It ends with what each Race is said to have brought, with the persecution that thinned the psychic capacity out of our species, and with two ideas about what the alien hybridization now under way may be restoring to us.
Category: General Science and Philosophy
[19] ai.viXra.org:2609.0019 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-10 00:59:20
Authors: Brent Hartshorn
Comments: 13 Pages.
In September 2026 a computer-checked proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem and a Lean-formalizedproof of blowup in the forced Navier—Stokes equations were announced within days of each other,and both are believed because a kernel checked them. This paper applies that discipline at theother end of the scale. A Calculus of Constructions micro-kernel with no axioms, is given an imperative language—assignment, branches, bounded loops, and while with an explicit variant—compiled by symbolic execution into kernel terms. Contracts are decidable propositions, Holds b := Eq Bool b true, about the very expression a runtime check would evaluate. A while loop raises four obligations, one of them the soundness of its own lowering, and termination is proved for every starting state. Records and a state invariant give a model of an seL4-style OS whose routing layer carries contracts that hold for every input. A bridge to Crust, a self-contained C/C++/Rust toolchain, settles its source-level contracts in the kernel; building it found two of Crust’s passes reading one contract two ways. Finally a certificate changes generated code: a SIMD kernel’s scalar remainder is omitted on it, and a contract proven at every call site downgrades 80% of the memory-safety checks in a leaf initializer while the check it leaves still catches an overflow.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[18] ai.viXra.org:2609.0018 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-08 09:23:43
Authors: Arieh Sher
Comments: 18 Pages.
The observed motion of the Solar System and the Local Group relative to the cosmicmicrowave background (CMB) is conventionally interpreted as a peculiar velocity produced bythe gravitational influence of the surrounding large-scale matter distribution, including the Virgoregion, the Great Attractor, the Shapley concentration, and cosmic voids. The Solar-Systembarycenter moves relative to the CMB at approximately 369.8 km s−1, while transformation tothe Local-Group barycenter gives a velocity of approximately 627 km s−1. This paper examinesan alternative interpretation within the Pivot Universe (PU) model. The universe is treated asa rotating system described approximately by Kerr geometry generated by a central massiverotating Pivot. Matter in the observable universe is assumed to participate approximately in theframe-dragged rotation generated by the Pivot. For MP = 7.82 × 1053 kg, JP = 1.06 × 1087 J s,RMW = 123.3265 Gly, and RCMB = 123.36 Gly, the Kerr frame-dragging angular velocity at theMilky-Way shell is approximately 0.313 × 10−13rad yr−1. A locally normalized differential Kerrquantity between the MW and CMB shells is approximately 495 km s−1. This value lies betweenthe Solar-System/CMB and Local-Group/CMB velocities, but it is shown that this numericalcorrespondence cannot itself be identified with an invariant relative velocity. An invariant Kerrphoton-frequency calculation instead separates a predominantly gravitational monopole shiftfrom a much smaller directional frame-dragging contribution. The PU interpretation thereforerequires the observed CMB dipole to contain a combination of global Kerr geometry and localpeculiar motions. The model yields quantitative predictions that can, in principle, be testedagainst the direction and magnitude of observed large-scale peculiar-velocity fields.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[17] ai.viXra.org:2609.0017 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-08 16:35:15
Authors: Marian Opial
Comments: 13 pages. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. AI-assisted.
For a finite set S of integers, its integer Turnpike data record the multiplicity of every positive difference. In the dense frequency-vector encoding, realizability reduces to parity of self-reciprocal irreducible factors and is therefore decidable in polynomial time by ordinary polynomial factorization. Sparse binary-exponent encoding is different: the associated reciprocal polynomial can have exponentially large degree. We construct an infinite family of sparse, coefficientwise nonnegative, Fourier-nonnegative, arithmetically admissible Turnpike instances with the fixed point count n = 107,520 that are nevertheless nonrealizable. Each instance contains, to odd multiplicity, a primitive noncyclotomic self-reciprocal irreducible of degree 2^k, while the sparse input length is Theta(k). Thus Fourier positivity, elementary count identities, and visible monomial-composition tests do not imply any polynomial bound on the degree of the remaining obstruction. Several complementary results locate the residual difficulty. Under the Turnpike scalar identities, an integral Hermitian sum of squares collapses to one binary rank-one factor; a parity-safe multiplier cannot raise the square-root-total/center ratio; and a strictly Fourier-positive integer NO instance can lie in the midpoint of two YES instances. Every odd self-reciprocal factor has infinitely many reciprocal quadratic shadows modulo primes, with a density lower bound in terms of permutation rank, but cyclotomic examples rule out naive small-prime enumeration. Finally, a ramified quadratic trace gadget converts a Legendre symbol into the desired characteristic-zero reciprocal-parity bit while preserving Fourier positivity. A local-to-global counterexample shows why this gadget does not yet yield a hardness reduction.
Category: Combinatorics and Graph Theory
[16] ai.viXra.org:2609.0016 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-08 23:57:19
Authors: Zhongyang Dong
Comments: 6 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: LaTex codes should be converted to standard math espressionss; please cite listed scientific references)
This paper presents an emergent cosmological framework derived from a "Two-Phase Planar-Invasion" bubble universe scenario. Departing from the standard Big Bang (Lambdatext{CDM}) singular cosmology and the hypothesis of spin-2 spin-mediated gravitons, we define the observable Universe as an organized, dynamic cosmic plane (topologically modeled as a rotating, two-dimensional scimitar-like manifold) that non-asymmetrically penetrates and ingests a degenerate, maximum-entropy deceased progenitor universe—a space composed of a constant light-neutrino background (ho_u^{text{bg}} = text{Const}) and a massless photon background forming an all-neutral quantum matrix.
Category: Astrophysics
[15] ai.viXra.org:2609.0015 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-07 19:28:03
Authors: Arieh Sher
Comments: 14 Pages.
Newton’s law of gravitation and Einstein’s General Relativity describe gravity in fundamentally different ways. Newtonian theory treats gravity as an interaction between masses,whereas General Relativity describes gravity through spacetime geometry. Nevertheless,Newtonian gravity remains an excellent approximation in appropriate weak-field conditions.This paper considers a possible connection between the two descriptions within the PivotUniverse (PU) model. The universe is assumed to contain a central massive rotating object,called the Pivot, whose angular momentum produces large-scale Kerr frame dragging. Matteris proposed to move with this rotating spacetime rather than through an otherwise stationaryspace.A further hypothesis is examined. In the usual Newtonian circular-orbit relation,v^2 = GM/R, R represents radial distance from the gravitating body. The PU model considers whether, for matter following an extremely long spiral trajectory generated by frame dragging, aneffective dynamical length L could replace R,v^2 = GM/L
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[14] ai.viXra.org:2609.0014 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-07 04:37:54
Authors: Oleg Ponfilenok
Comments: 20 Pages. Source: https://github.com/oponfil/collapse-threshold
We propose a modernization of quantum mechanics through the introduction of the Collapse Threshold Rule: a branch or coherence is removed if it cannot be distinguished experimentally from absence. The classical outcome becomes objective rather than a virtual interpretation of decoherence. The threshold is derived from the finite number of binary distinctions within a causal patch — 3,5 × 10¹²u2070. The scale of equiprobable branching and the RCS limit are about 400 qubits. The model forbids factorization of RSA-1024. The non-unitarity of the collapse act permits non-conservation of energy as well as superluminal information transfer. An experimental test on a single 404-qubit processor is proposed.
Category: Quantum Physics
[13] ai.viXra.org:2609.0013 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-07 09:01:01
Authors: Zhengxi Wang
Comments: 107 Pages.
This is a book that explores human origins, development, and the future. It combines scientific theory with philosophical reflection to answer the eternal human questions: "Where do we come from? Where are we going? What are we here to do? First, it presents fossil records and evidence of biological evolution, supporting the view that life evolves. After summarizing biological laws and formulating the "Law of Biological Evolution" and the "Law of Biological Survival" it discusses how to migrate to other planets, the mission of humanity, and ways to colonize extraterrestrial worlds. It also examines future biotechnology and argues that we humans should follow "the principle of human species unity." It describes the future space age, the span of human existence, and the end of the world. Once we know humanity's future, we find the answer to where we came from. Finally, it discusses our origins: the origin of life, the origin of humans, the birth of modern humans, and philosophical questions about life and the universe. It proposes that we are cosmic humans and a link in the chain of cosmic life. Humanity holds a special place in the universe and plays an incomparably important role.
Category: General Science and Philosophy
[12] ai.viXra.org:2609.0012 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-07 17:56:27
Authors: Andreas G. E. Scharfenberg
Comments: 9 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite listed scientific references)
This position paper introduces the Theory of the Global Universe (GU), an ontological and causal framework that resolves the boundary singularities inherent in General Relativity (GR) by replacing the premise of dynamic spacetime with a strictly rigid, infinite Euclidean continuum. Within this framework, physical interactions are governed by the continuous dynamics of energetic potential differences (Kinetic Base Tension) rather than geometric curvature. The model ontologically redefines mass not as a fundamental substance, but as a topological boundary surface effect resulting from the localized phase transition of translational vector flows into closed three-dimensional lemniscates (Cassini ovaloids of revolution). By applying this purely Euclidean continuum mechanics, the GU theory provides a deterministic causal mechanism for phenomena such as time dilation and the cosmological constant. Furthermore, it offers a geometric resolution to the empirical Proton Radius Puzzle, demonstrating that the anomalous scattering radii (0.877 fm and 0.841 fm) naturally correspond to the dual structural radii of the primary soliton's unperturbed envelope surface.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[11] ai.viXra.org:2609.0011 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-06 20:04:08
Authors: Srinivasulu Charupally
Comments: 20 Pages.
The Acceleration Theory, a novel concept explored in this research paper, challenges the classical and quantum theories to elucidate the accelerating expansion of the universe. While the constancy of mass for subatomic particles over time and the existence of various matter particles, including Dark Matter (DM), Anti-Matter (AM), and regular matter, are well-established, the origins of these particles and the driving forces behind cosmic expansion remain intriguing questions. This work delves into the theoretical foundations of how Dark Matter, Anti-Matter, and regular matter particles were generated in the early universe, unraveling the cosmic mechanisms that led to their existence and the compelling phenomenon of universal expansion. Secondly, addressing the finiteness of the speed of light, this research explores alternative perspectives on its constancy and investigates potential influences of Dark Energy (DE) on light speed. Thirdly, furthermore, the paper examines the four fundamental forces—Electromagnetic Force (EF), Strong Force (SF), Weak Force (WF), and Gravitational Force (GF)—in the context of quantum unification. While EF, SF, and WFs have found unification through quantum theory, GF remains distinct. Despite efforts in General Relativity (GR) to comprehensively address gravitational forces, a unifying framework with the other three forces is elusive. To bridge this gap, the paper introduces innovative concepts of Space Energy (SE) and Space Constant (SC) to reconcile and unify these fundamental forces. Finally, the research concludes by contemplating a unified theory for the universe and explores the possibility of an acceleration principle governing every cosmic event. By scrutinizing diverse theories and introducing new concepts, this paper contributes to advancing our understanding of the fundamental principles that govern the cosmos
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[10] ai.viXra.org:2609.0010 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-06 20:08:25
Authors: Hani Abdel-Rahim
Comments: 13 Pages.
We present a self-consistent cyclic cosmological framework that resolves the origin, nature, and observed abundance (∼ 85%) of dark matter without introducing hypothetical elementary particles. We propose that dark matter consists oftopologically neutral solitonic states (ΦDM) produced exclusively within black holecores from preceding cosmic cycles, where unphysical singularities are replaced bya finite Planck-density threshold (ρPlanck). Protected by a conserved topologicalwinding number W ∈ Z, these states are immune to perturbative decay. We introduce the Cyclic Distillation mechanism, showing how stochastic fluctuations within black holes break matter-antimatter symmetry across cycles, exhausting antimatter while leaving a residual baryonic fraction (∼ 15%) and an accumulating dark matterbackground. Under Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC), the bounce density remains strictly lower than the black hole internal core density (ρbounce < ρPlanck). This Differential Stability Threshold ensures the dissolution of geometric event horizons and the liberation of ΦDM without disrupting its topological structure. The quantum gravitational wave energy released during horizon dissolution drives cosmic expansion and naturally reheats the universe without an inflaton field. Finally, we model intra-cycle accretion, demonstrating how progressive mass-spectrum shifts culminatein an eternal, entropy-resolving final collapse.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[9] ai.viXra.org:2609.0009 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-05 21:55:36
Authors: Thiago Henrique Ramos da Mata
Comments: 13 pages. License: CC BY 4.0.
We define integer division and modulo by recursively normalizing quotient—remainder states and verify the construction in Scala Stainless. We prove uniqueness of the normalized solution, compatibility with native modulo for nonnegative dividends and positive divisors, invariance under shifts by multiples of the divisor, together with addition, subtraction, and modulo-idempotence laws. We also verify the unit-step quotient—remainder transition and that every block of $p$ consecutive nonnegative integers, for $p > 1$, contains exactly one zero remainder modulo $p$. Together, these results show that recursive normalization is canonical on the stated domains and recovers the verified algebraic and periodic laws of division and modulo.
Category: Number Theory
[8] ai.viXra.org:2609.0008 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-05 21:57:18
Authors: Fabrizio Vassallo
Comments: 38 Pages.
Paper 3 of this series [1] left two companion problems open for the Diamond and Fan motifs it introduced. For the Diamond, whose exact quasi-equilibrium reduction gives a closed-form, generic, supercritical ip bifurcation at λ flip = ϵη/[2(η 2 − ϵ 2)], Open Problem D.1 asked for a coarse-graining operator under which this result could be tested for topology-dependence, on both the Diamond and the Fan, rather than accepted as a property of one small graph. For the Fan, the exact scale invariance of OllivierRicci curvature left three of its four independent weight ratios underde-termined by the curvature equations alone, so Paper 3's own treatment of the Fan was, by its own account, a calibration against two reported data points rather than a derivation. This paper reports genuine, but dierent, progress on each. For the Diamond, we build the recursive lattice obtained by replacing every edge, at every generation, with a fresh copy of the same ve-edge motif, and establish two exact local curvature laws that hold at every generation. Combining them gives a closed-form renormalized ip threshold and cubic normal-form coecient at general coarse-graining depth d, which reduce exactly to the bare Diamond's own values at d = 4 and ow smoothly to a nite, nontrivial xed point, (λ flip , c 3) → (ϵ/η, −4/3), as d → ∞: the ip is coarse-graining-stable, and the generation step is exactly a MigdalKadano coupling recursion on c 0 := 8/d, with c * 0 = 0 its unique xed point. The universal endpoint ξ * = 2 found in Paper 3 for the dissipative extension is shown to be universal across the entire generational hierarchy as well. Two honest obstructions a kink in the peripheral curvature law and an unresolved heterogeneity once the fully symmetric torsion ansatz is relaxed are reported rather than papered over. For the Fan, we resolve Paper 3's scale-invariance obstruction with a dierent separation of variables: using the curvature equations for exactly what they determine the weight ratios and the middle torsion as functions of the one remaining free torsion T s and deferring the absolute scale entirely to the torsion equations. Eliminating the scale between the latter gives a single equation in T s ; at the test value η/ϵ = 1/2, and after a log-reparametrization removes a spurious numerical artifact, this equation has a genuine root, located to machine precision. In the regime containing this root, all four curvatures admit exact closed forms unavailable to Paper 3 veried against the underlying optimal-transport computation to machine precision; combining two of them in the limit T m → ∞ turns the numerical coincidence into a proof that η/ϵ → 1/2 as α → 0. 1 Read together, the two results are asymmetric in a way worth stating plainly: the Diamond's single free weight admits a genuine multi-generation renormalization-group trajectory; the Fan's four coupled weight classes admit, for now, an exact reduction of the bare motif itself the prerequisite the Diamond's own program needed before any coarse-graining could be built, not yet that extension itself.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics
[7] ai.viXra.org:2609.0007 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-03 23:14:35
Authors: J. W. McGreevy
Comments: 31 Pages.
This paper formalizes the Thermodynamics of Arithmetic Action (TAA) as a coordinate-free, unassailable geometric and field-theoretic architecture. By treating the sub-quantum vac-uum as an ad´elic fluid flowing over derived modular stacks, we prove that the macroscopic space-time fabric, the elementary mass hierarchies, and the gauge field interactions are uniquely determined by global number-theoretic invariants. The spontaneous breaking of the 24-dimensional primordial symmetry is shown to be a monodromy-driven factorization of an ad´elic stack, where existence and smoothness are rigorously verified at every infinitesimal step by the vanishing of relative obstruction classes in the cotangent complex. We demonstrate that the Standard Model gauge groups SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1) are the derivednon-abelian cohomological stabilizers required to absorb the exact 154 arithmetic discrepancybetween the discrete digital Extended Binary Golay Code (G24) and the continuous analyticalBernoulli numbers. Furthermore, we provide native, first-principles resolutions to the Riemann Hypothesis (RH), the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer (BSD) Conjecture, and the Navier—Stokes Existence and Smoothness problem. The non-trivial Riemann Zeta Zeros are established as the exact, quantized resonant frequencies generated when the Golay code’s error-correcting parity matrix clamps the fluid wavefront to a Topological Exceptional Point wall. Spacetime remains globally differentiable, smooth, and unconditionally protected against quantum decoherence because its internal particle matrix is permanently, flawlessly phase-locked to the invariant genus-zero stabilizers of the ad´eles.
Category: Mathematical Physics
[6] ai.viXra.org:2609.0006 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-03 17:11:35
Authors: Joseph Shaffer
Comments: 11 Pages.
Standard ΛCDM cosmology relies heavily on hypothetical components — namely cold dark matter and dark energy — to reconcile persistent kinematic anomalies and the apparent accelerating expansion of the universe. This paper introduces Photon-Tension-Time Theory (PTT), an alternative ontological framework establishing tension as the sole primitive of physical reality. Under PTT, the universe is non-expanding. The Big Bang is recontextualized not as a physical metric singularity, but as a global, non-metric phase change: a primordial crystallization that established an invariant background matrix termed the substrada. Cosmological redshift is demonstrated to be the localized, non-metric energy attenuation of propagating photons penetrating discrete structural boundary tension fields within this substrada, entirely decoupling the observed energy loss from metric time dilation. Furthermore, galactic rotation anomalies are shown to be stabilized by the baseline boundary tension of the substrada, rendering cold dark matter halos mathematically obsolete. Finally, the observed (1 + z) temporal elongation of distant Type Ia supernovae is resolved via wave-packet structural dispersion across cosmological propagation distances. PTT delivers an elegant, static cosmological model that resolves contemporary astrophysical tensions without invoking unobserved dark sectors.
Category: Astrophysics
[5] ai.viXra.org:2609.0005 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-03 23:03:35
Authors: Prakash Vaithyanathan
Comments: 7 Pages. CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
When a very large AI model is trained, the training sometimes breaks on its own. The loss suddenly jumps up, the numbers inside the model become too large or too small to handle correctly, and the run has to be stopped and restarted from an older saved copy. This is called training instability, and on a large training run it can waste a very large amount of computer time and money. Earlier work in machine learning has shown that this kind of breakdown is closely tied to a single number: the sharpness of the loss surface, which is the largest eigenvalue of the Hessian matrix of the loss function. When this number grows too large compared to the learning rate, the training stops behaving smoothly. The problem is that for a model with a billion or more parameters, the full Hessian matrix cannot be built or stored by any realmachine: it would need far more numbers than there are atoms within reach. We show that this is not actually needed. A small hardware block can track the same leading eigenvalue using only the gradient vectors that the training hardware is already computing at every step, through a standard numerical method called power iteration, combined with the well-known fact that a Hessian-vector product can be estimated from the difference between two gradients without ever building the Hessian itself. We also show that watching a small, carefully chosen part of the model, rather than the whole thing, is often enough to catch the problem early. We describe a domain-blind hardware controller that watches this shrinking safety margin every single step and estimates how many steps remain before the run is expected to become unstable, so that a corrective action can be taken before the run actually fails rather than after.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[4] ai.viXra.org:2609.0004 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-02 03:17:37
Authors: Rolando Zucchini
Comments: 43 Pages.
After circa 2300 years (Circle Quadrature, Archimedes, Syracuse 287 — 212 BC) the history of mathematics repeats itself in a different problem. This paper presents an original research on the Syracuse Conjecture. It proposes a theoretical development aimed at solving the conjecture through a systematic approach. One of its features suggests a process that leads to Theorem 2n+1, whose demonstration subdivides the odd numbers into seven subsets which have different behaviors applying algorithm of Collatz. It allows to replace the Collatz’s cycles with the cycles of links, transforming oscillating sequences into monotone decreasing sequences. Theorem of Independence allows to manage the cycles of links to our liking to reach very high main horizons and, when we decide, go back to lower horizons. In this article it’s proved that Collatz Conjecture is not fully demonstrable. In fact, if we consider the banal link n < 2n, there are eight cycles which connect each other in an endless of possible sequences and related links. It is a new type of Squaring of the Circle or Algebraic Quadrature, but its statement is confirmed. In other words: BIG CRUNCH (go back to 1) is always possible, but BIG BANG (to move on) has no End.
Category: Number Theory
[3] ai.viXra.org:2609.0003 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-02 18:16:51
Authors: Raymond Deiotte
Comments: 42 Pages.
Agent-facing knowledgebases compute confidence and provenance at answer time, as properties of the re- sponse. This paper argues that is too late, and that the argument is not a matter of engineering quality: information about whether a claim is true enters through the primary record, and every later stage is a rendering of that record, so no downstream scoring can add a bit that the record did not already carry. Confidence computed from the exhibit has an evidential ceiling fixed before it runs.We describe the store that follows from taking that seriously. The substrate is an uncertainty-typed property hypergraph: every unit carries the same five fields, a knowledge type, provenance graded on a four-valued lattice and carrying a validity horizon, the condition under which the entry held, a version with its conflict history, and a confidence separated into write-time and serving-time quantities, and relations are hyperedges because the relations that matter in agent memory are irreducibly n-ary and reifying them into binary edges destroys exactly the structure later stages need. On that substrate we specify three mechanisms. Consolidation is gated on whether a merged region still decomposes into the inferences it was meant to support, a structural and label-free test that needs no paired QA data and no per-environment training. Conflict is preserved through four lifecycle primitives, demotion, supersession, revocation and invalidation, of which three share a single inverse transition and revocation deliberately has none. Retrieval returns a coverage-guaranteed evidence subgraph with the guarantee conditional on the type of edge retrieved rather than marginal over a query distribution, and it answers with three outcomes rather than one score: supported, insufficient, refuted.The paper’s most portable result is a criterion for when two memory mechanisms can affect each other at all: only where one writes a property of the store that the other reads, at a granularity they share. The criterion is checkable from the specifications before anything is built, it discriminates rather than merely predicting failure, and it carries a stated falsifier.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[2] ai.viXra.org:2609.0002 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-01 20:28:01
Authors: Adilson Gonçalo
Comments: 36 Pages. In Portuguese
This article inaugurates a series dedicated to the theme "Space-Time" from a Realist Perspective. The aim of the series is to carry out a critical analysis of the Lorentz transformations and, consequently, of theTheory of Special Relativity (SR), while proposing an alternative conceptual approach to space-time grounded in principles considered more consistent with observable physical reality In this first part, the physical, mathematical, and logical foundations associated with the Lorentz transformations are examined,with emphasis on the conceptual and kinematic aspects of their construction. The article begins with a concise presentation of the theory and its fundamental equations, followed by an analysis of the points that, according to this approach, raise questions regarding the conceptual consistency of the relativisticformulation. It should be emphasized that this stage of the work focuses exclusively on the theoretical and conceptual structure of SR. The discussion of experimental and observational aspects will be addressed in the third part of the series. Although the considerations developed in this work are mainly focused on SR,they will also address certain conceptual aspects of the Theory of General Relativity. It is important to note that the considerations presented here are not intended to diminish the fundamental contributions of the creators of Special and General Relativity, among whom Henri Poincaré, Hendrik Lorentz, and Albert Einstein stand out.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[1] ai.viXra.org:2609.0001 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-01 20:25:22
Authors: Nigel B. Cook
Comments: 16 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite and list scientific references in the field!)
This paper presents three independent and mutually reinforcing theoretical derivations of the Higgs boson mass within the SU(4) vacuum polarisation framework. Each derivation is physically motivated, mathematically explicit, and avoids circular reasoning. The first derivation is the Coulomb-Yukawa vacuum polarization absorbed energy redistribution method, in which the scalar mass arises from the curvature of an effective potential generated by fluctuations in the electromagnetic partition between long-range Coulomb and short-range Yukawa channels. The second derivation is a two-channel SU(4) binding analysis in which the Higgs is the lowest scalar eigenmode of a neutral/charged weak-boson bilinear system. The third derivation is an SU(2) spectral method based on representation weights of the compressed SU(2) vacuum. All three approaches converge on 125-126 GeV. The agreement among these methods strongly supports the interpretation of the Higgs boson as a composite excitation of the SU(2) vacuum. (This paper has been fully proof-read and corrected by Copilot AI to make it more readable than the draft.)
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory