| ai.viXra.org > Relativity and Cosmology > 2610 |
|
 |
| ai.viXra.org > Relativity and Cosmology > 2610 |
|
|
[8] ai.viXra.org:2610.0044 [pdf] submitted on 2026-10-21 20:30:42
Authors: Vladimir S. Netchitailo
Comments: 13 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Further repetition will not be accepted!)
World—Universe Cosmology (WUC) proposes that the physical World is a finite, boundless three-dimensional Hypersphere forming the surface of an expanding four-dimensional Nucleus embedded in the Eternal Universe. The Nucleus expands in the fourth spatial dimension at the fundamental speed (c). Matter is continuously created by the Eternal Universe through the formation of Universe-Created Particles (UCPs) within the expanding Nucleus.The present paper proposes a common physical foundation for Matter, Energy, Time, and Angular Momentum. It introduces the fundamental Surface Tension (σ_0) of Cosmic Bubbles and the Angular Momentum flux density (J_h), directed from the four-dimensional Nucleus into the three-dimensional World. WUC proposes the fundamental relationshipσ_0=J_h=h/(a^2 t_0 )where (a) is the fundamental length and (t_0=au2044c) is the fundamental time scale. The fundamental rest-energy scale and Planck's constant are expressed throughE_0=σ_0 a^2 h=σ_0 a^2 t_0Within the four-spatial interpretation, Time represents the evolution of the fourth spatial position of the expanding Nucleus. Rest Energy is the three-dimensional representation of the fourth spatial momentum component, transformed by the fundamental expansion speed (c). Angular Momentum is proposed to manifest as a collective property of organized UCP ensembles whose circulation already exists within the four-dimensional Nucleus before their entry into the three-dimensional Hypersphere.These relationships suggest a common physical foundation for fundamental quantities that appear distinct within our three-dimensional experience. The proposed interpretation is presented as a physical hypothesis requiring further theoretical development and quantitative experimental and observational testing.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[7] ai.viXra.org:2610.0036 [pdf] submitted on 2026-10-16 00:39:04
Authors: Vladimir S. Netchitailo
Comments: 6 Pages. (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Further repetition may not be accepted; please cite other scholars' work)
World—Universe Cosmology (WUC) proposes that the physical World is a finite, boundless three-dimensional Hypersphere forming the surface of an expanding four-dimensional Nucleus embedded in the Eternal Universe. The Nucleus expands at the fundamental speed c , and the radius of curvature of the Hypersphere is determined by the evolving World Parameter Q .Within this framework, the Eternal Universe continuously generates Universe-Created Matter (UCM) through the formation of Universe-Created Particles (UCPs) within the expanding Nucleus. These particles possess four spatial coordinates and four spatial momentum components.The present paper advances a hypothesis concerning the physical origin of three fundamental quantities: Time, Energy, and Angular Momentum. Time is interpreted as our three-dimensional description of the evolution of the fourth spatial position, identified with the radius of the expanding Nucleus. Energy represents the fourth spatial momentum component transformed by the fundamental expansion speed c . Angular Momentum is proposed to manifest as a collective property of organized UCP ensembles whose circulation already exists within the four-dimensional Nucleus immediately before their entry into the three-dimensional Hypersphere.The paper also summarizes the proposed interconnectivity of primary cosmological parameters through the evolving World Parameter Q . These ideas suggest a common four-spatial foundation for fundamental physical quantities and cosmological parameters. The proposed interpretation is presented as a physical hypothesis intended to stimulate further theoretical investigation and observational testing.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[6] ai.viXra.org:2610.0032 [pdf] submitted on 2026-10-13 01:26:12
Authors: William Bragas III
Comments: 5 Pages. CC-BY 4.0 License (Note by ai.viXra.org Admin: Please cite and listed scientific references; please fix missing/misprinted math symbols)
This paper introduces a discrete, piece-wise cyclic state function, f(Cycle) = S(Events), governing a six-stage cosmic lifecycle driven by the foundational absolute that change must change. By formalizing a non-spatial, zero-volume boundary phase-change designated as the Point of Peace (Su2081), this framework eliminates the infinite density singularities of General Relativity and bridges the ideological worldviews of theism, agnosticism, and atheism into a strict mathematical equality (x) during the active timeline.We challenge the traditional paradigm of linear background time, demonstrating that spacetime geometry behaves as a dynamic, breathing orb constrained entirely by the internal structural tension of an ever-evolving dark matter DNA matrix. Within this framework, what humans interpret as the constant speed of light (c) operates as a uniform rate of local domino-style spatial translations during the expansion era, which fundamentally alters during the Total Implosion (Su2085) as the underlying dark energy blanket is reeled into merging supermassive black hole mass cores.Finally, we establish a robust empirical threshold to independently verify this model against standard Einsteinian cosmology. We provide definitive predictive parameters for modern sensor arrays, specifying the detection of highly concentrated, non-random spatial clusterings within the Anisotropic Neutrino Flux Matrix, alongside anomalous arrival time baselines displaying a variable c-scalar signature at the cores of active supermassive black hole mergers.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[5] ai.viXra.org:2610.0028 [pdf] submitted on 2026-10-11 08:45:49
Authors: Alejandro Rey
Comments: 18 Pages.
When galaxy clusters collide, their gas slows abruptly—but does gravity stop with it? We explore whether spacetime geometry retains memory of its pre-collision configuration: continuing outward before gradually readjusting toward the central matter concentration. Observations of the Bullet Cluster, Abell 520 and other mergers support this sequence. The tests predict lensing signals in regions excluded from fitting, reproduce the direction of displacement, and identify a reversal in gas—lensing ordering between outgoing and returning systems—without adding separate dark-matter halos to the predictive models. The central question is simple: could the displaced gravity attributed to dark matter instead reveal how spacetime responds to a violent collision?
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[4] ai.viXra.org:2610.0023 [pdf] replaced on 2026-10-17 00:26:42
Authors: Zhongyang Dong
Comments: 13 Pages.
This study proposes an axiomatic system for emergent gravity and cosmological unification based on three-state phase transitions of a single neutral quantum field. Specifically addressing the geometric domain established in Paper 2—a single living child universe bubble tangentially invading a Dead Universe Fluid Background—the overall universe must maintain overall charge neutrality for geometric stability, negating hypotheses dominated by multi-polar fields or charged particles, and establishing a minimal foundation dominated by a neutral neutrino quantum field.We convert the phenomenological 'one-body, two-aspects' concept from Paper 1 into strict quantum field theory orthogonal geometry: 'one-body' corresponds to the total amplitude spectrum of the local field envelope, encompassing all entities with mass/energy effects (visible baryonic matter, degenerate dark matter halo, and excited dark energy background); 'two-aspects' represent the vertical phase spectrum (manifested as the dark matter degenerate density field, whose spatial gradient yields emergent gravity) and the horizontal phase spectrum (dynamic dark energy). Four types of neutrinos correspond to three mass eigenstates and potential energy levels: the dead universe fluid background state serves as the sole primordial substrate with an indelible constant zero-point vacuum energy; the excited state is indirectly generated to form dynamic dark energy; the degenerate state forms physical dark matter.We rigorously clarify the boundary between the static vacuum substrate states and the microscopic dynamic excitation wavepackets. On the basis of the background as a non-viscous quantum superfluid continuum, using the first-principle condition of zero mechanical shear modulus, we exclude non-electromagnetic mechanical transverse waves and unify all non-mechanical waves propagating in the background into three geometric sectors: vector curl waves, spinor/longitudinal pulses, and tensor strain waves. Furthermore, we derive the fifth-root expression for the full-band limit speed of light with a rigorous dimensional proof, propose the dynamic mechanism of stellar active pumping transforming into local dark energy, resolving the Hubble Tension and the 120-order-of-magnitude cosmological constant crisis, and present a four-stage birth-and-death cycle for the bubble multiverse alongside an experimental verification roadmap.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[3] ai.viXra.org:2610.0016 [pdf] submitted on 2026-10-06 00:01:07
Authors: Arieh Sher
Comments: 8 Pages.
Black holes are strongly supported observationally by stellar and gas dynamics, gravitational wave detections, and horizon-scale imaging. Their classical mathematical descriptions, however, contain singularities whose physical interpretation remains an open foundational issue. This paper examines a phenomenological alternative in which gravitational collapse terminates in a finite-density, rotating, neutron-star-like core rather than an infinite-density singularity. A limiting density ρmax = 7.8 × 1017 kgm−3 is adopted as a working hypothesis, not as a consequence of General Relativity (GR) or of an established neutron-star equation of state. The resulting core radius is compared with the Schwarzschild and Kerr horizon radii. In the non-rotating approximation, the condition Rn = 2GM/c2 gives a model-dependent horizon crossing mass of approximately 4.86M⊙ and radius 14.35 km. Rotation is treated with Kerr geometry, and Cygnus X-1 and PSR J1903+0327 are used as illustrative cases. The conventionalneutron-star stability limit, obtained from the Tolman—Oppenheimer—Volkoff (TOV) equationsand an equation of state, is kept conceptually separate from the proposed horizon criterion. The paper also discusses the historical compact-object mass gap and the implications of GW230529.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[2] ai.viXra.org:2610.0014 [pdf] submitted on 2026-10-03 21:42:17
Authors: Vladimir S. Netchitailo
Comments: 6 Pages.
Energy is one of the most fundamental physical parameters. It can be measured, transferred, transformed, and conserved with extraordinary precision. Nevertheless, these properties do not by themselves answer a more fundamental question: What is energy physically?World—Universe Cosmology (WUC) proposes an answer based on the four-spatial-dimensional structure of the World. In WUC, the World is a finite, boundless three-dimensional Hypersphere that forms the surface of an expanding four-dimensional Nucleus embedded in the Eternal Universe. The Nucleus expands in the fourth spatial dimension with the fundamental speed c .A particle in this structure is characterized by four-spatial-momentumP_4=(p_x,p_y,p_z,p_4) where the first three components belong to the directly observable spatial dimensions and p_4 is directed along the fourth spatial dimension. WUC identifies rest energy E as the three-dimensional representation of this fourth component:▭(E=cp_4 )The central proposition of this paper is:Energy is our three-dimensional description of the fourth spatial momentum component, transformed by the fundamental expansion speed c .In this interpretation, four-spatial-momentum is fundamental, while rest energy is an individual-particle property representing its fourth spatial component. The fundamental WUC energy scaleE_0=hcu2044acorresponds to the fundamental fourth spatial momentum scale hu2044a . The purpose of the present paper is to develop this physical interpretation of energy and reconsider the question of where energy comes from.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[1] ai.viXra.org:2610.0011 [pdf] submitted on 2026-10-03 06:06:50
Authors: X. L. Tao
Comments: 33 Pages. ORCID: 0009-0004-0853-7002. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22974873
A substantial fraction of high-atitude Fermi-LAT sources remain unidentified. These objects exhibit steady GeV emission, low variability, and no multiwavelength counterparts. We propose a phenomenological braneworld model in which accreting black holes on an adjacent brane trigger inter-brane wormholes, leaking hadronic gamma-ray and neutrino emission into our brane. The model provides a calculable chain from black-hole mass to integrated luminosity and differential spectra. A central methodological feature is that the source redshift z is treated as a free MCMC parameter with a unified prior log10(z) [belong to][-3.0,0.477] for all five competing models, eliminating circular flux—luminosity calibration. Fitting the 4FGL-DR4 high-atitude unassociated sample, the wormhole posterior peaks at z=0.066 (~290 Mpc), whereas dark matter and primordial black holes require unphysical local redshifts (z<0.05) and pulsar wind nebulae require z ~ 0.95. The model yields four distance-independent testable predictions: narrow variability, multiwavelength emptiness, a TeV spectral cutoff, and a coincident neutrino flux with F_nu / F_gamma ~ 0.5.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology