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| ai.viXra.org > Nuclear and Atomic Physics > 2503 |
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[2] ai.viXra.org:2503.0019 [pdf] submitted on 2025-03-30 11:18:30
Authors: Nigel Cook
Comments: 5 Pages.
The attenuation of blast by the damage done to mostly wood-frame buildings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki was measured by Penney et al (1970) and provides a benchmark for nuclear blast effects in open terrain. This article examines how such a blast, and a range of yields from 1 kiloton (kt) to 15 megatons (MT), would be attenuated in New York City, using structural parameters from Northrop/DTRA (1996), blast equations adjusted with empirical data from Glasstone and Dolan (1977), and structural response equations. Attenuation mechanisms include diffraction, kinetic energy in oscillating buildings, plastic deformation, and flying debris. A structural-based attenuation model, tailored to New York’s reinforced concrete and steel-frame buildings, is derived and applied, with energy per unit area tables, comparisons of peak overpressure and dynamic pressure in open terrain versus New York City, and detailed tables for multiple yields.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics
[1] ai.viXra.org:2503.0015 [pdf] replaced on 2025-04-15 10:17:53
Authors: Nigel Cook
Comments: 10 Pages. Revised - diagrams added, corrections to references, expanded discussion
The data, from U.S. nuclear tests between 1955 and 1962, demonstrate significant reductions in thermal radiation behind obstacles, challenging assumptions of widespread firestorms in modern urban environments. A summary table and notes provide context for locating and interpreting the original reports. Furthermore, a review of George R. Stanbury’s work on city thermal shielding is included, highlighting the role of urban design in mitigating thermal radiation effects and offering practical insights for civil defense planning. (Updated, corrected and expanded April 15, 2025.)
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics