Mathematical Physics

Three-Dimensional Lattice Yang—Mills Theory in a Forest Gauge: A Dobrushin Range and a Certified Curvature Bound

Authors: Tristan Romanov

We study Wilson lattice Yang—Mills theory on ℤ3 in a gauge that fixes one link at every site along a period-3 forest, in which every free link shares a plaquette with exactly seven other free links. Two results follow.

(A) For SU(2), a single-link Dobrushin argument with the sharp one-quarter Kantorovich estimate of Bhattacharjee and Bhattacharya gives a unique infinite-volume state, invariance, reflection positivity, exponential decay of correlations and a transfer-matrix gap m ≥ −log(7βW/4) for βW < 4/7. The same estimate gives βW < 1/3 in three dimensions without gauge fixing and βW < 1/2 in the temporal gauge. As Bhattacharjee, Bhattacharya and Lockwood showed for 1/3 in four dimensions, we show that 4/7 is the ceiling of this argument for every gauge-fixing forest.

(B) For every compact group with a faithful unitary representation, the Hessian of Σp Re Tr Qp restricted to the free links is bounded in absolute value by h = 9.599991, uniformly in the field. The proof is a site-plus-plaquette certificate with rational data: its finite part is checked in exact rational arithmetic, and positivity of a two-parameter family of matrices of size at most 12 is proved with outward-rounded interval arithmetic. With the Bakry—Émery criterion this gives log-Sobolev inequalities, a unique state and an explicit gap for N|β| < κG/h; for SU(N) this is |β| < 1/(2h) ≈ 1/19.20, compared with 1/32 of Shen, Zhu and Zhu and 1/24 from the sharp un-gauge-fixed constant. An exact computation at the trivial field shows that no bound below 9.3479 is possible in this gauge. All statements are at strong coupling and fixed lattice spacing.

Comments: 9 pages. Code and certificates: doi:10.5281/zenodo.23783317. License: CC BY 4.0

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[v1] 2026-10-29 22:54:23

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