Number Theory |
Authors: Xuda Ye
We prove that infinitely many primes $p = m^2 + n^2$ have $n < p^{0.1129}$, and that infinitely many primes satisfy ${sqrt{p}} < p^{-0.2742}$. This sharpens the exponents $0.119$ and $-0.262$ of Harman and Lewis (2001). Following their approach, we derive both statements from a lower bound of the correct order of magnitude for the number of Gaussian primes of norm between $X/2$ and $X$ in every sector of angle $X^{-0.3871}$, and we prove this bound with Harman's sieve and their arithmetic information. The new ingredients are three groupings of terms that their sieve discards: a factorization of a two-dimensional sum for the linear estimate, and two applications of the bilinear estimate to four-dimensional sums, one of them after a further application of Buchstab's identity. These groupings give the grouped terms asymptotic formulas, so that fewer terms are discarded. In addition, we give every step of the sieve argument in full, filling in the details that Harman and Lewis present briefly and making several of their statements and discarded regions precise, and we evaluate the losses of the discarded sums by two numerical methods.
Comments: 49 Pages.
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[v1] 2026-10-11 02:21:41
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