Mathematical Physics

A Weighted Turan-Type Monotonicity Lemma for Modified Bessel Functions via the Calibrated Amos Bound, with an Application to the Ordering of a Surface Expansion in Two-Dimensional Lattice Gauge Theory

Authors: Lluis Eriksson

For x>0 and real m>=1 define phi_m(x) = [(m-1) I_{m-1}(x)^2 + (m+1) I_{m+1}(x)^2] / (m I_m(x)^2), with I_mu the modified Bessel function of the first kind. We prove phi_m(x) < phi_{m+1}(x) for every x>0 and everyreal m>=1 - a weighted Turan-type monotonicity statement we have not found in the literature, although every ingredient of the proof is classical. The proof is fully elementary: eliminating the neighbouring ratios by thethree-term recurrence, the difference factorizes exactly as (S-3c)(P-(2m+1)c) + (2m+1)c^2, with u = I_{m+1}/I_m, c = 1/x, S = u+1/u, P = 1/u-u; the second factor is positive by the calibrated Amos bound (it is precisely the unit-step inequality of the companion note), the first because the same bound forces u < x/(2m+1) <= x/3. As an application we obtain thestrict determinant ordering c_mn < 0 (m

Comments: 5 Pages. Lean verification file and numerical audit at https://github.com/lluiseriksson/THE-ERIKSSON-PROGRAMME/tree/main/surface-theorem and papers/phi-lemma.

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[v1] 2026-07-09 19:34:39

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