The current paradigms of theoretical physics rely on conflicting ontological frameworks: the geometric deformation of spacetime in General Relativity and the probabilistic indeterminism of Quantum Mechanics. The Theory of the Global Universe (GU) resolves this foundational schism by introducing a background-independent, ontologically monistic framework grounded in strict vector mechanics. By redefining the vacuum as a rigid, pre-tensioned Euclidean space governed by absolute electromagnetic conductivity ($c$), the GU model eliminates the concept of matter as a fundamental substance. Instead, mass is mathematically derived as the localized inertial resistance of trapped kinetic energy. Utilizing a single, universal field equation, this paper demonstrates the deterministic resolution of historical anomalies, including the perihelion precession of Mercury, the nuclear mass defect, and the wave-particle duality at the double slit. Furthermore, the model unifies the fundamental forces by replacing the Standard Model particle zoo with a continuous spectrum of translational kinematics, offering a rigorously causal, geometry-driven Theory of Everything.