This study proposes a methodological framework for transforming historical observational narratives found in early Islamic sources, including hadith literature and Qur’anic references, into a testable scientific hypothesis within lunar geophysics. The objective is not to evaluate theological validity, but to reconstruct a hypothetical macroscopic lunar bifurcation event as a physically constrained problem based on observer-dependent geometric interpretation. By translating descriptive accounts into angular separation constraints, we derive a lunar surface fracture axis consistent with a great-circle geometry aligned approximately with the Moon’s central meridian (0° ± 20° longitude).The model predicts that any genuine global-scale lunar (splitting) event would necessarily produce detectable geophysical signatures, including continuous structural discontinuities, gravitational anomalies, thermal residuals, seismic asymmetries, and mineralogical shock bands along the inferred meridional zone. We further define specific observational targets on the near-side lunar surface, particularly within central mare—highland transition regions such as Sinus Medii and adjacent mare structures. Current high-resolution datasets from lunar orbital missions, including gravity mapping, thermal imaging, and seismic records, are discussed in the context of these predictions. While no evidence of a global-scale fracture consistent with the proposed model is currently observed, the framework establishes a falsifiable prediction structure and identifies precise regions for future targeted exploration. This approach introduces an "observer-constrained event reconstruction" methodology, linking historical descriptions with quantitative planetary science models to generate empirically testable geophysical hypotheses.